@abelsu7 2020-03-03T09:57:59.000000Z 字数 15617 阅读 1101

Linux 下使用 virt-manager 基于虚拟机快速搭建 Ceph (jewel 10.x) 集群

Ceph KVM virt-manager

0. 资源准备

下载 CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1908.iso 镜像，用于安装虚拟机的操作系统
磁盘可用空间>=200G(估计值，非必须，满足实际需求即可)

我的本地宿主机环境如下：

> cat /etc/redhat-release
Fedora release 31 (Thirty One)
> uname -r
5.4.8-200.fc31.x86_64
> df -hT /
Filesystem              Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/fedora-root ext4  395G  123G  254G  33% /
> virt-manager --version
2.2.1
> free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           15Gi       2.4Gi        10Gi       434Mi       2.3Gi        12Gi
Swap:            0B          0B          0B
> screenfetch
           /:-------------:\          root@ins-7590
        :-------------------::        OS: Fedora 31 ThirtyOne
      :-----------/shhOHbmp---:\      Kernel: x86_64 Linux 5.4.8-200.fc31.x86_64
    /-----------omMMMNNNMMD  ---:     Uptime: 40m
   :-----------sMMMMNMNMP.    ---:    Packages: 2237
  :-----------:MMMdP-------    ---\   Shell: zsh 5.7.1
 ,------------:MMMd--------    ---:   Resolution: 3600x1080
 :------------:MMMd-------    .---:   DE: GNOME 
 :----    oNMMMMMMMMMNho     .----:   WM: GNOME Shell
 :--     .+shhhMMMmhhy++   .------/   WM Theme: 
 :-    -------:MMMd--------------:    GTK Theme: Adwaita-dark [GTK2/3]
 :-   --------/MMMd-------------;     Icon Theme: Adwaita
 :-    ------/hMMMy------------:      Font: Cantarell 11
 :-- :dMNdhhdNMMNo------------;       CPU: Intel Core i7-9750H @ 12x 4.5GHz
 :---:sdNMMMMNds:------------:        GPU: Mesa DRI Intel(R) UHD Graphics 630 (Coffeelake 3x8 GT2) 
 :------:://:-------------::          RAM: 2469MiB / 15786MiB
 :---------------------://

1. 虚拟机环境搭建

计划使用三台虚拟机搭建三节点的 Ceph 集群：

hostname	IP	备注
ceph-node1	192.168.200.101	deploy, 1 mon, 2 osd
ceph-node2	192.168.200.102	1 mon, 2 osd
ceph-node3	192.168.200.103	1 mon, 2 osd

1.1 创建磁盘镜像

创建一个目录（例如/mnt/ceph/）用来存放三台虚拟机的磁盘镜像：

~ > mkdir -p /mnt/ceph
~ > cd /mnt/ceph/
/mnt/ceph > mkdir ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
/mnt/ceph > ls -l
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar  2 15:23 ceph-node1
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar  2 15:23 ceph-node2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar  2 15:23 ceph-node3

注：先准备ceph-node1，其余两台之后可通过virt-clone复制

使用qemu-img命令为ceph-node1创建一块容量为100G的系统盘，以及两块容量各为2T的磁盘，镜像格式均为qcow2：

/mnt/ceph > qemu-img create -f qcow2 ceph-node1/ceph-node1.qcow2 100G
Formatting 'ceph-node1/ceph-node1.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=107374182400 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
/mnt/ceph > qemu-img create -f qcow2 ceph-node1/disk-1.qcow2 2T
Formatting 'ceph-node1/disk-1.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=2199023255552 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
/mnt/ceph > qemu-img create -f qcow2 ceph-node1/disk-2.qcow2 2T
Formatting 'ceph-node1/disk-2.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=2199023255552 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
/mnt/ceph > tree -h
.
├── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node1
│   ├── [ 194K]  ceph-node1.qcow2
│   ├── [ 224K]  disk-1.qcow2
│   └── [ 224K]  disk-2.qcow2
├── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node2
└── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node3
3 directories, 3 files

1.2 创建虚拟网络

在virt-manager里创建虚拟网络ceph-net，模式NAT，转发至本机的上网接口。规划的网段为192.168.200.0/24，DHCP 范围192.168.200.101~254：

ceph-net自动生成的 XML 定义如下：

<network>
  <name>ceph-net</name>
  <uuid>cc046613-11c4-4db7-a478-ac6d568e69ec</uuid>
  <forward dev="wlo1" mode="nat">
    <nat>
      <port start="1024" end="65535"/>
    </nat>
    <interface dev="wlo1"/>
  </forward>
  <bridge name="virbr1" stp="on" delay="0"/>
  <mac address="52:54:00:86:86:e8"/>
  <domain name="ceph-net"/>
  <ip address="192.168.200.1" netmask="255.255.255.0">
    <dhcp>
      <range start="192.168.200.101" end="192.168.200.254"/>
    </dhcp>
  </ip>
</network>

1.3 安装操作系统

在virt-manager中新建虚拟机：

选择下载好的CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1908.iso作为系统安装镜像：

2 核 1G，默认即可：

选择之前创建好的ceph-node1.qcow2作为系统镜像：

设置虚拟机名为ceph-node1，网络选择ceph-net，并勾选Customize configuration before install，添加两块 2T 磁盘：

将disk-1.qcow2和disk-2.qcow2添加为VirtIO Disk：

最后确认Boot Option中CDROM为第一启动项目，即可开始安装：

之后就进入了熟悉的CentOS安装界面，选择100G的盘作为系统盘，顺便观察两块2T的磁盘是否识别：

打开网络开关，确认是否已获得动态分配的192.168.200.0/24网段内的 IP 地址，具体的地址之后进入系统可以修改。另外，左下角将主机名修改为ceph-node1并Apply

现在即可开始安装，记得设置root密码。安装完重启进入系统：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ lsblk
NAME                        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0                          11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
vda                         252:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─vda1                      252:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─vda2                      252:2    0   99G  0 part 
  ├─centos_ceph--node1-root 253:0    0   50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos_ceph--node1-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos_ceph--node1-home 253:2    0   47G  0 lvm  /home
vdb                         252:16   0    2T  0 disk 
vdc                         252:32   0    2T  0 disk

1.4 克隆前的准备

之前在安装过程中看到，eth0自动获取了分配的 IP 地址，现在我们需要将eth0的 IP 地址修改为我们计划的静态 IP 地址，即192.168.200.101。

修改网卡的配置文件：

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# 修改以下几个配置项
BOOTPROTO="static"
IPADDR=192.168.200.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.200.1
DNS1=192.168.200.1
ONBOOT="yes"

重启网络，之后检查一下内网和外网的连通性：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ systemctl restart network # 重启网络
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ip addr list eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:32:af:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.200.101/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe32:af61/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ nmcli
eth0: connected to eth0
        "Red Hat Virtio"
        ethernet (virtio_net), 52:54:00:32:AF:61, hw, mtu 1500
        ip4 default
        inet4 192.168.200.101/24
        route4 192.168.200.0/24
        route4 0.0.0.0/0
        inet6 fe80::916d:cd1f:bb97:ca22/64
        route6 fe80::/64
        route6 ff00::/8
lo: unmanaged
        "lo"
        loopback (unknown), 00:00:00:00:00:00, sw, mtu 65536
DNS configuration:
        servers: 192.168.200.1
        interface: eth0
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ping 192.168.200.1 # ping 网关
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ping baidu.com     # ping 外网

简便起见，关闭firewalld和selinux：

# 关闭 firewalld 并禁用
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ systemctl stop firewalld
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ systemctl disable firewalld
# 临时关闭 selinux
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ getenforce
Enforcing
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ setenforce 0
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ getenforce
Permissive
# 永久关闭 selinux，重启后生效
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ sed -i 's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

将yum源修改为阿里云的源，并添加ceph的源：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum clean all
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ curl http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo >/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ curl http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo >/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ sed -i '/aliyuncs/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ sed -i '/aliyuncs/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo
# 添加以下内容
[ceph]
name=ceph
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
[ceph-noarch]
name=cephnoarch
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/noarch/
gpgcheck=0
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum makecache
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id                                                repo name                                                                            status
base/7/x86_64                                          CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                 10,097
ceph                                                   ceph                                                                                    499
ceph-noarch                                            cephnoarch                                                                               16
epel/x86_64                                            Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                       13,196
extras/7/x86_64                                        CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                  323
updates/7/x86_64                                       CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                                               1,478
repolist: 25,609

安装ceph客户端、ntpdate以及其他软件：

# 安装 ceph 客户端
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum install ceph ceph-radosgw
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ceph --version
ceph version 10.2.11 (e4b061b47f07f583c92a050d9e84b1813a35671e)
# 必须安装，借助 ntpdate 同步时间
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum install ntp ntpdate ntp-doc 
# 非必须，方便监控性能数据
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum install wget vim htop dstat iftop tmux

设置开机运行ntpdate自动同步时间：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ntpdate ntp.sjtu.edu.cn
 2 Mar 09:49:39 ntpdate[1915]: adjust time server 84.16.73.33 offset 0.051449 sec
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ echo ntpdate ntp.sjtu.edu.cn >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

添加各节点主机名，生成 SSH 密钥并配置免密登录：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ echo ceph-node1 >/etc/hostname
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ vim /etc/hosts
# 添加以下主机名
192.168.200.101 ceph-node1
192.168.200.102 ceph-node2
192.168.200.103 ceph-node3
# 三次回车，生成密钥
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ssh-keygen
# 设置本机免密登录
# 由于虚拟机克隆后密钥是同一份
# 因此只需执行这一次 ssh-copy-id
# 三台虚拟机相互之间均可以免密登录
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ssh-copy-id root@ceph-node1

在宿主机上同样添加以上三个节点的主机名，并ssh-copy-id到虚拟机配置免密登录：

[root@ceph-host ~]$ vim /etc/hosts
# 添加以下主机名
192.168.200.101 ceph-node1
192.168.200.102 ceph-node2
192.168.200.103 ceph-node3
[root@ceph-host ~]$ ssh-copy-id root@ceph-node1

至此虚拟机环境已准备完毕，可以执行shutdown -h now关机，记得在virt-manager里将CDROM移除掉，并确保VirtIO Disk 1为启动项。

1.5 克隆虚拟机

使用virt-clone命令基于ceph-node1克隆出ceph-node2、ceph-node3另外两台虚拟机，它将为网卡生成新的 MAC 地址，并将镜像复制到指定路径：

> virsh domblklist ceph-node1
 Target   Source
-------------------------------------------------
 vda      /mnt/ceph/ceph-node1/ceph-node1.qcow2
 vdb      /mnt/ceph/ceph-node1/disk-1.qcow2
 vdc      /mnt/ceph/ceph-node1/disk-2.qcow2
> virt-clone --original ceph-node1 --name ceph-node2 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node2/ceph-node2.qcow2 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node2/disk-1.qcow2 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node2/disk-2.qcow2
> virt-clone --original ceph-node1 --name ceph-node3 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node3/ceph-node3.qcow2 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node3/disk-1.qcow2 \
--file /mnt/ceph/ceph-node3/disk-2.qcow2
> tree -h /mnt/ceph/
/mnt/ceph
├── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node1
│   ├── [ 1.8G]  ceph-node1.qcow2
│   ├── [ 224K]  disk-1.qcow2
│   └── [ 224K]  disk-2.qcow2
├── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node2
│   ├── [ 1.8G]  ceph-node2.qcow2
│   ├── [ 224K]  disk-1.qcow2
│   └── [ 224K]  disk-2.qcow2
└── [ 4.0K]  ceph-node3
    ├── [ 1.8G]  ceph-node3.qcow2
    ├── [ 224K]  disk-1.qcow2
    └── [ 224K]  disk-2.qcow2
3 directories, 9 files
> virsh list --all
 Id   Name                State
------------------------------------
 -    ceph-node1          shut off
 -    ceph-node2          shut off
 -    ceph-node3          shut off

# 修改主机名，下次登录生效
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ hostname ceph-node2
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ echo ceph-node2 > /etc/hostname
# 注销重新登录，使新的主机名生效
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ exit 
# 修改为对应的 IP 地址
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
IPADDR=192.168.200.102
# 重启网络
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ systemctl restart network

2. 安装 Ceph 集群

计划使用三台虚拟机搭建三节点的 Ceph 集群：

hostname	IP	备注
ceph-node1	192.168.200.101	deploy, 1 mon, 2 osd
ceph-node2	192.168.200.102	1 mon, 2 osd
ceph-node3	192.168.200.103	1 mon, 2 osd

通过ceph-deploy工具即可很方便的从一个节点（此例中为ceph-node1）部署ceph集群，因此在ceph-node1上执行以下操作：

2.1 安装 ceph-deploy

注：以下命令在ceph-node1上执行

安装ceph-deploy：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum info ceph-deploy
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
Name        : ceph-deploy
Arch        : noarch
Version     : 1.5.39
Release     : 0
Size        : 284 k
Repo        : ceph-noarch
Summary     : Admin and deploy tool for Ceph
URL         : http://ceph.com/
License     : MIT
Description : An easy to use admin tool for deploy ceph storage clusters.
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ yum install ceph-deploy -y
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ceph-deploy --version
1.5.39

2.2 开始部署

注：以下命令在ceph-node1上执行

创建部署目录my-cluster：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ mkdir my-cluster
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ cd my-cluster/
# 生成初始配置文件
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy new ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ls -hl
total 12K
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  203 Mar  2 09:18 ceph.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3.0K Mar  2 09:18 ceph-deploy-ceph.log
-rw------- 1 root root   73 Mar  2 09:18 ceph.mon.keyring
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ cat ceph.conf
[global]
fsid = 86537cd8-270c-480d-b549-1f352de6c907
mon_initial_members = ceph-node1, ceph-node2, ceph-node3
mon_host = 192.168.200.101,192.168.200.102,192.168.200.103
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx

注：在任何时候当你陷入困境并希望从头开始部署时，就执行以下命令以清空ceph的package，并擦除各节点的数据和配置：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy purge ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy purgedata ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy forgetkeys
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ rm ceph.*

根据此前的 IP 配置向ceph.conf中添加public_network，并稍微增大mon之间的时差允许范围(默认为0.05s，现改为2s)：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ echo public_network=192.168.200.0/24 >> ceph.conf
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ echo mon_clock_drift_allowed = 2 >> ceph.conf
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ cat ceph.conf 
[global]
fsid = 86537cd8-270c-480d-b549-1f352de6c907
mon_initial_members = ceph-node1, ceph-node2, ceph-node3
mon_host = 192.168.200.101,192.168.200.102,192.168.200.103
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx
public_network=192.168.200.0/24
mon_clock_drift_allowed = 2

开始部署monitor：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy mon create-initial

查看集群状态，此时health为HEALTH_ERR是因为还没有部署osd：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph -s
    cluster 86537cd8-270c-480d-b549-1f352de6c907
     health HEALTH_ERR
            no osds
     monmap e2: 3 mons at {ceph-node1=192.168.200.101:6789/0,ceph-node2=192.168.200.102:6789/0,ceph-node3=192.168.200.103:6789/0}
            election epoch 6, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-node1,ceph-node2,ceph-node3
     osdmap e1: 0 osds: 0 up, 0 in
            flags sortbitwise,require_jewel_osds
      pgmap v2: 64 pgs, 1 pools, 0 bytes data, 0 objects
            0 kB used, 0 kB / 0 kB avail
                  64 creating

开始部署osd：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf osd prepare \
ceph-node1:/dev/vdb ceph-node1:/dev/vdc \
ceph-node2:/dev/vdb ceph-node2:/dev/vdc \
ceph-node3:/dev/vdb ceph-node3:/dev/vdc --zap-disk
[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf osd activate \
ceph-node1:/dev/vdb1 ceph-node1:/dev/vdc1 \
ceph-node2:/dev/vdb1 ceph-node2:/dev/vdc1 \
ceph-node3:/dev/vdb1 ceph-node3:/dev/vdc1

查看集群状态：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph -s
   cluster 86537cd8-270c-480d-b549-1f352de6c907
     health HEALTH_OK
     monmap e2: 3 mons at {ceph-node1=192.168.200.101:6789/0,ceph-node2=192.168.200.102:6789/0,ceph-node3=192.168.200.103:6789/0}
            election epoch 6, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-node1,ceph-node2,ceph-node3
     osdmap e30: 6 osds: 6 up, 6 in
            flags sortbitwise,require_jewel_osds
      pgmap v72: 64 pgs, 1 pools, 0 bytes data, 0 objects
            646 MB used, 12251 GB / 12252 GB avail
                  64 active+clean

至此，集群部署完成。

2.3 关闭 cephx 认证

首先在ceph-node1上修改my-cluster目录下的ceph.conf：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ vim ceph.conf
# 将 cephx 全部改为 none
auth_cluster_required = none
auth_service_required = none
auth_client_required = none

之后通过ceph-deploy将该配置文件推送到三个节点上：

[root@ceph-node1 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf config push ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3

最后分别在三个节点上重启mon和osd：

# ceph-node1
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-mon.target
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-osd.target
# ceph-node2
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-mon.target
[root@ceph-node2 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-osd.target
# ceph-node3
[root@ceph-node3 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-mon.target
[root@ceph-node3 ~]$ systemctl restart ceph-osd.target

稍后可观察到集群恢复：

[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ceph -s
   cluster 86537cd8-270c-480d-b549-1f352de6c907
     health HEALTH_OK
     monmap e2: 3 mons at {ceph-node1=192.168.200.101:6789/0,ceph-node2=192.168.200.102:6789/0,ceph-node3=192.168.200.103:6789/0}
            election epoch 12, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-node1,ceph-node2,ceph-node3
     osdmap e42: 6 osds: 6 up, 6 in
            flags sortbitwise,require_jewel_osds
      pgmap v98: 64 pgs, 1 pools, 0 bytes data, 0 objects
            647 MB used, 12251 GB / 12252 GB avail
                  64 active+clean
[root@ceph-node1 ~]$ ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT   TYPE NAME           UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 11.96457 root default                                          
-2  3.98819     host ceph-node1                                   
 0  1.99409         osd.0            up  1.00000          1.00000 
 5  1.99409         osd.5            up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3  3.98819     host ceph-node2                                   
 1  1.99409         osd.1            up  1.00000          1.00000 
 2  1.99409         osd.2            up  1.00000          1.00000 
-4  3.98819     host ceph-node3                                   
 3  1.99409         osd.3            up  1.00000          1.00000 
 4  1.99409         osd.4            up  1.00000          1.00000

2.4 在宿主机上通过 libvirt 连接 Ceph 集群

首先回到宿主机，安装ceph客户端：

[root@ceph-host ~]$ yum install ceph ceph-radosgw

之后创建/mnt/ceph/rbd-pool.xml：

<pool type='rbd'>
  <name>rbd</name>
  <source>
    <host name='ceph-node1' port='6789'/>
    <name>rbd</name>
  </source>
</pool>

定义rbd存储池并启动：

[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh pool-create /mnt/ceph/rbd-pool.xml
Pool rbd defined from /mnt/ceph/rbd-pool.xml
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh pool-start rbd
Pool rbd started
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh pool-info rbd
Name:           rbd
UUID:           0e3115e5-87c8-41c6-979b-3b8277deef78
State:          running
Persistent:     yes
Autostart:      no
Capacity:       11.96 TiB
Allocation:     1.32 KiB
Available:      11.96 TiB
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh pool-dumpxml rbd
<pool type='rbd'>
  <name>rbd</name>
  <uuid>0e3115e5-87c8-41c6-979b-3b8277deef78</uuid>
  <capacity unit='bytes'>13155494166528</capacity>
  <allocation unit='bytes'>1349</allocation>
  <available unit='bytes'>13154814738432</available>
  <source>
    <host name='ceph-node1' port='6789'/>
    <name>rbd</name>
  </source>
</pool>

使用qemu-img尝试创建一个rbd镜像：

[root@ceph-host ~]$ qemu-img create -f rbd rbd:rbd/test-from-host 10G
Formatting 'rbd:rbd/test-from-host', fmt=rbd size=10737418240
[root@ceph-host ~]$ qemu-img info rbd:rbd/test-from-host
image: json:{"driver": "raw", "file": {"pool": "rbd", "image": "test-from-host", "driver": "rbd"}}
file format: raw
virtual size: 10 GiB (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: unavailable
cluster_size: 4194304

使用rbd命令与virsh查看该镜像：

[root@ceph-host ~]$ rbd ls
test-from-host
[root@ceph-host ~]$ rbd du
NAME           PROVISIONED USED
test-from-host      10 GiB  0 B
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh vol-list rbd
 Name             Path
--------------------------------------
 test-from-host   rbd/test-from-host
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh vol-info rbd/test-from-host
Name:           test-from-host
Type:           network
Capacity:       10.00 GiB
Allocation:     10.00 GiB
[root@ceph-host ~]$ virsh vol-dumpxml rbd/test-from-host
<volume type='network'>
  <name>test-from-host</name>
  <key>rbd/test-from-host</key>
  <source>
  </source>
  <capacity unit='bytes'>10737418240</capacity>
  <allocation unit='bytes'>10737418240</allocation>
  <target>
    <path>rbd/test-from-host</path>
    <format type='raw'/>
  </target>
</volume>

宿主机若要关机，关闭三台虚拟机即可。宿主机开机后，再重新启动三台虚拟机，集群会自动恢复至HEALTH_OK状态。