@chenxushan
2016-09-01T14:29:30.000000Z
字数 14426
阅读 1338
陈旭山
第一，扬善去恶
(两面性问题，比如手机、网络、彩票等。)
What we must do is to encourage the merits of sth. and avoid its demerits.
第二，大家联合起来(比如政府、社会组织和个人联合)
一般用在解决学生的问题，比如心理健康啊，网瘾啊等。
It is high time that sb. should make combined efforts to put an end to this situation.
第三，个人意识
提高环境保护的意识等。
The public/we ourselves should enhance the consciousness of...
第四，加强教育
一般用在涉及面比较广的社会问题。
A large-scale education campaign should be launched to inform the public of the significance of...
第五，政府出台法律法规(laws and regulations)
一般用在比较大的、比较严重的社会问题，如节约问题，浪费问题等。
The authorities should work out and implement relevant laws and regulations to impose a heavy penalty on those who...(微信号：kaoyanx)
第六，呼吁相关部门加强监管
一般用在比较大的、严重的社会问题，如质量问题，假冒产品问题等。
The relevant administration departments should strengthen the supervision on...
(说明：以下是有关对策(建议措施)的模板，可直接作为大作文的整个末段来套用，其中蓝色字体处填写的是主题词。)
模板1：Therefore, it is imperative(必要的) for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to(向...呼吁) the authorities(当局,官方) to make strict laws to control (主题词1，比如：commercial fishing). For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the (主题词2，比如：ocean resources) are vital to us. Only in this way can we protect our (主题词2，比如：ocean resources). Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and that we will have a brighter future.(微信号：kaoyanx)
模板2：According to the analysis above, it is advisable for us to take steps to reverse(扭转) this evil trend. Of all the steps, to appeal to(向...呼吁) the media's publicity(宣传) may be the most effective one, which can make the public treat their (主题词，比如此处填写2015英语一大作文的主题词“mobile phones”) in a reasonable way. Only in this way can we resolve this problem and embrace a bright future.(微信号：kaoyanx)
[翻译]：根据上述分析，我们应该采取措施扭转这种有害的趋势。在所有措施中，诉诸媒体宣传可能会是最有效的，这将使公众以理性的方式对待(主题词，比如手机)。只有用这种方式，我们才能解决这一问题，拥有一个美好的未来。
第一，首先看分析利弊的着眼点，即哪个方面好，哪个方面差
只需锁定以下10个方面进行利弊对比，其他不要多想。
1.如果作文话题是关于“人”的，在以下5个方面分析利弊：
①健康②快乐③成就(④交流（情感）⑤性格
2.如果作文话题是关于“事”的，在以下5个方面分析利弊：
①效率②经济③方便④环境（空间）⑤安全
第二表述“利”与“弊”的句型
1.表述“利”的4个句型
[句型#1]：be beneficial for...(对...有利)
[句型#2]：play a decisive role in...(在...中扮演决定性角色)
[句型#3]：lay the foundation for...(为...打好基础)
[句型#4]：It must be pointed out that...also has its drawbacks.(必须指出...也有其自身的缺陷)(微信号：kaoyanx)
2.表述“弊”的3个句型
[句型#1]：do harm to...(对...有害)
[句型#2]：pose a tremendous threat to...(对...造成巨大威胁)
[句型#3]：impose a burden on...(给...造成负担)
第三，举例
比如“全球化(Globalization)”话题。
例1(利：“交流”方面)：
Globalization plays a decisive role in promoting cultural communication among various areas.(全球化在促进不同地区之间文化交流中扮演重要角色)
例2(利：“经济”方面)：
Globalization is beneficial for creating more opportunities of employment.(全球化有利于创造更多的就业机会)
例3(弊：“空间/环境”方面)：
Globalization poses a tremendous threat to the local environment and ecology in some under-development areas.(全球化给欠发达地区当地的生态和环境造成巨大威胁)
书信中19组替换词
/高兴/荣幸（glad替换为：delighted, honored）
/热心/细心（kind替换为：generous, thoughtful）
/造成麻烦/不便（cause trouble替换为：bring inconvenience）
/求助（ask for help替换为：request assistance）
/著名的（famous替换为：prestigious）
/利用（use替换为：utilize, put into practice）
/成果（result替换为：achievement, performance）
/关于（about替换为：as to, concerning）
/购买（buy替换为：purchase）
/停止（stop替换为：cease, terminate）
/获得（get替换为：obtain, attain, acquire）
/想要，希望（wish替换为：intend to, desire to）
/个人（person替换为：individual）
/越来越（more and more替换为：increasingly, in growing numbers）
/不知道（don't know替换为：unaware of, lack of information）
/困难/复杂（hard替换为：tough, complicated）
/结束（finish替换为：complete, bring to an end）
/大多数的（most替换为：the vast majority of）
/感谢（thank替换为：grateful, appreciate）
[句型#1]：This point can be confirmed by the example of + 名词或名词短语。(这个观点可以通过XX的例子得到支持)
[句型#2]：This point is best illustrated with the example of + 名词或名词短语。(这个观点可以用XX的例子最有力的证明)
[句型#3(1)]：A case in point is that...(一个典型的例子是...)
[句型#3(2)]：...is a case in point.(...是一个典型的例子)
[句型#4]：Take/Consider + 名词或名词短语 + for example, ...
[句型#5]：such as...
[句型#6]：like...(比如...)(微信号：kaoyanx)
[句型#7]：For instance...
[句型#8]：For example...
第一惯用句型“引”例子
主要有以下句型：
①This is proven by the fact that...
②Nowhere is...more evident than in...(...在...中看得再明显不过了)
例，Nowhere is that more evident than in china the new engine of asian output and exports.(中国作为亚洲新的产出及出口引擎，表现得最为明显)
③In some cases, ...
④...tend to...(...多半会...)
⑤The majority of...(多数...都...)
第二巧用标点“引”例子
这里的标点主要是指冒号和破折号。
例，Technology is essential to modern life: office workers(上班族) complete tasks with laptops; common citizens(老百姓) talk freely with cell phones; youngsters watch movies and listen songs through Internet.
第三巧用动词“带”例子
主要有以下3个动词：
①encompass(跨越，覆盖)
例，This research encompass the social, political, economic and cultural aspects of the situation.（这项研究覆盖社会、政治、经济和文化领域）
②involve(涉及)
例，The new proposal not only involves students, but teachers, parents and school administrators as well.(这项新提议不但涉及学生，而且涉及教师、家长以及学校管理者)
③concern(关于)
例His new book concerns distribution of welfare and social injustice.(他的新书是关于福利分配和社会不公平的)(微信号：kaoyanx)
第四活用介词“串”例子
主要有以下2组介词：
①range from...to...
例，The methods to avoid maltreatment of aged patents range from public supervision to punishment by law.(为了避免虐待父母这种现象的出现，应对措施从公众监督到法律惩罚都可以)
②include/including(包括)
例，Causes of high blood pressure include eating too much salt, being overweight and drinking excessive amounts of alcohol.(高血压的原因包括：食用过量的盐，体重过高以及饮酒过量)
说明：红色字体是句型。以下5个句型均模仿自阅读真题。
[句型#1]：If you were to examine life journeys of successful people, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: the most successful people are more likely to have undergone extreme miseries.(如果检查一下成功人士的生活轨迹，你很可能会发现一个值得关注的怪现象：最成功的人往往经历过极度的悲惨)
[模仿自]：If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006's World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months.(如果检查一下2006年世界杯足球锦标赛所有参赛运动员的出生证明，你很可能会发现一个值得关注的怪现象：出色的足球运动员往往在一年中的头几个月出生)(2007Text1)
[句型#2]：Now something similar could be happening in China.(现在类似的情况可能正在中国发生)(微信号：kaoyanx)
[模仿自]：Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.(现在类似的情况可能正在海洋中发生)(2006Text3)
[句型#3]：There are promising parallels today.(现在出现了鼓舞人心的类似景象)(微信号：kaoyanx)
[模仿自]：There are upsetting parallels today.(现在出现了令人忧虑的类似景象)(2005Text2)
[句型#4]：Evidence from the decline in species diversity supports this view.(生物多样性下降的证据支持了以上观点)(微信号：kaoyanx)
[模仿自]：Evidence from brain imaging supports this view.(大脑造影的证据支持了以上观点)(2005Text3)
[句型#5]：He acknowledges that all varieties of pets, including unusual ones like lizards, can make their owners relax.(他认为各种各样的宠物，包括像蜥蜴这样不常见的宠物，都能让主人放松心情)(微信号：kaoyanx)
[模仿自]:He acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive.(他认为各种各样的人类语言，包括像黑人英语这样的非标准语言，都具有强大的表达力)(2005Text4)
2个大作文万能例子模板句
/模板句1：Take hery Ford, a great American industrialist, the creator of the "motor age", a fabulous innovator, who adheres to the belief for his life time that ( ) renders successful life and career, for instance. It is ( ) that helps him achive his glorious accomplishment in the manufacture industry and fulfills his dream to build the car for ordinary working people.(微信号：kaoyanx)
/说明：括号中内容可以填写任何表述个人品德的主题词，比如：
勤奋（diligence/painstaking work）
坚毅（determination）
热情和乐观（enthusiasm and optimism）
坚持（perseverance）
创新（creation/innovation）
合作（cooperation/collaboration/teamwork）
自信（self-confidence）
自强不息（self-improvement）
谦虚（modesty）
/模板句2：According to a recent statistic conducted by NBS, the past decade has witnessed a sharp (increase) in the percentage of people who supports the idea that (mobile phone) does exert such a profound effect on our life from (23%) to (82%).
/说明：
（1）括号中的蓝色字体可根据具体情况进行替换。比如，2015年英语一大作文考的是手机，直接填写“mobile phone”。
（2）NBS，即：National Bureau of Statistics of China(国家统计局)。也可以替换为其他机构，比如某报社、某大学(微信号：kaoyanx)。
（3）模板句里的两处数字可自己杜撰。其实这个例子本身就是完全杜撰的。不过没关系，阅卷人不关心具体内容，只要句式和用词准确即可。
大作文高分例子军火库
/例子1(不文明行为)：Uncivilized behaviors are a real embarrassment to China. Spitting anywhere, talking loudly, littering randomly and jumping the queue are common scenes in public places around China. What's more, some Chinese people even take their bad habits abroad.(微信号：kaoyanx)
/翻译：不文明的行为是中国真正的耻辱。随地吐痰、大声说话、随意扔垃圾以及插队是中国公共场合普遍的现象。更有甚者，一些中国人甚至将他们的坏习惯带到了国外。
/例子2(重外表轻内涵)：Worse still, this problem also manifests itself in other fields of the society. For example, "image projects" of little practical usage are built for local governments' achievements. Another example is: beauty can sway interviewers in professions for which beauty is not a necessary qualification.(微信号：kaoyanx)
/翻译：更糟的是，该问题也表现在社会其他方面。比如没有多少实际作用的形象工程为了政府的成绩而修建。另一个例子是：美丽可以在那些美貌不是必须素质的行业里左右招聘官的意见。
/例子3(传统文化失宠)：Chinese culture is facing an unprecedented challenge, since a large segment of China's young generation is indifferent to or even discards it. Many young people, for example, argue that traditional Chinese medicine is not scientific and Chinese drama is outdated in the modern society.
/翻译：因为中国年轻一代很多人对中国文化持冷淡态度，甚至抛弃中国文化，中国文化正面临着空前的挑战。比如，许多年轻人认为中医是没有科学依据的，中国戏剧在现代社会是过时的。
/例子4(传统文化失宠)：In contrast, many foreigners regard Chinese culture as priceless treasure. They frequently resort to traditional Chinese philosophy for solutions to present peoblems. For example, many American entrepreneurs consider The Art of War as their guide in the business competition.
/翻译：然而，许多外国人却将中国文化视为无价之宝。他们经常到中国传统哲学中寻找当今问题的解决之道。比如，许多美国企业家就将《孙子兵法》当做商业竞争中的指南
/例子5(光说不练)：For example, some MBA graduates, claiming to be highly knowledgeable about organization and administration, are found to be incapable of solving real problems in companies.
/翻译：比如，一些MBA毕业生宣称在组织管理方面有渊博的知识，但他们被发现不能解决公司中真正的问题。
/例子6(信任危机)：A host of dishonest behaviors should be responsible for the crisis of trust in our society. To earn huge profits, some businessmen manufacture or sell fake or inferior goods at the expense of consumers' benefits; for the purpose of improving the ratings, the media may peddle the sensational stories or twist news to attract public attention without any sense of responsibility.
/翻译：许多不诚信的行为应该对我们社会的信任危机负责。为了获得巨额利润，一些生意人不惜牺牲消费者的权益制造或者销售假冒伪劣商品；为了提高收视率，一些媒体毫无责任感地散播耸人听闻的故事或者扭曲事实来吸引公众的注意力
/例子7(人生价值)：A person's value is measured by his achievements rather than his material wealth. Bill Gates is respectable not simply because he is extremely rich, but because he, as the founder of Microsoft, helps bring the world into the Internet age.
/翻译：一个人的价值靠他的成就衡量而不是靠物质财富衡量。比尔盖茨受人尊敬不仅仅因为他非常富有，而且也因为他作为微软创始人，帮助世界进入了网络时代。
/例子8(中西方文化的融合)：How we take this western influence and what should be the relationship betweent the east and the west have become urgent questions for us to face. For example, should we allow a coffee shop to be opened in the Forbidden City, a place which is thought to represent the essence of oriental life? Can the coffee shop integrate itself into the surroundings or will it stand out as an eyesore?
/翻译：我们如何处理西方的影响，以及中西方应建立一种怎样的关系都是亟待我们面对的问题。比如，我们是否该允许在紫禁城，在那个代表着东方生活精华的地方开一家咖啡厅？咖啡厅能否将自身同周围融合或者变成一个眼中之沙？
/例子9(家庭背景不是成功的必要因素)：Just as whether flowers are beautiful doesn't depend on the quality of pots, whether a man will achieve success is not necessarily connected with his growing background.
/翻译：正如花是否漂亮不取决于花盆的质量，一个人是否成功与他的成长背景没有必然联系。
/例子10(家庭背景不是成功的必要因素)：In contrast, many self-made people obtain great success. Obama is a prime example of them. The son of a common and poor family was pushed by his firm belief, clear objective and constant efforts to the position of the American president, a historical achievement for black men. His significant accomplishment proves that those from humble origins are capable of making great achievements, only if disdain and failures in their young age don't extinguish their hope for success.
/翻译：相反，许多白手起家的人拥有巨大的成功。奥巴马就是他们中的杰出代表。虽然出生在一个普通、贫穷的家庭，他因为坚定的信念、清晰的目标和持续的努力成为美国总统，取得对黑人来说具有重大历史意义的成就。他的巨大成就证明了那些出生卑微的人，只要早年的屈辱和失败没有使他们对成功的希望破灭，就能取得巨大成就。
/例子11(成功之路)：If a person chooses a goal which doesn't match his inborn talent, he will be doomed to failure or limited success no matter how hard he tries. For example, if "lightning" Bolt, the world record breaker for the 100-meter race, buried his running talent and instead aimed at becoming a weightlifting winner, the Olympic Games would miss a sprint genius and get one more mediocre weightlifter.
/翻译：如果一个人选择与与生俱来的天赋不匹配的目标，无论他多努力，都注定会失败或者取得有限的成绩。比如，如果100米赛跑的世界纪录打破者“闪电飞人”博尔特，将他奔跑的潜能埋葬，而立志成为一个举重冠军，那么奥林匹克运动会将会损失一个短跑天才，却多了一个平庸的举重选手。
/例子12(从别人错误中学习)(正面)：By learnig from others' mistakes, one can avoid detours and accelerate his own success. Take Thomas Edison as an example. In inventing the electrical lamp, he saved a lot of time by finding out the causes of others' failures and just experimenting with new solutions.
/翻译：从别人的错误中学习，我们就能避免走弯路，加速取得自己的成功。以托马斯爱迪生为例。发明电灯时，他通过寻找别人失败的原因，通过只对新的解决途径进行实验而节省了大量时间
/例子13(从别人错误中学习)(负面)：The developed countries promoted economic growth at the expense of environment and had to spend a lot of money solving the consequent serious pollution. Regretfully, such an expensive mistake is repeated in some developing countries.
/翻译：发达国家以环境为代价追求经济增长，而不得不花费大量的钱解决由此产生的严重污染。可惜的是，这个代价惨重的错误重新发生在一些发展中国家。
/例子14(对待知识的态度)：The constant desire for knowledge is especially important in the times of knowledge explosion, when news, facts and opinions pour in from every corner of the world. Li Jiacheng, the richest among Chinese, once said that people must absorb new knowledge to accommodate themselves to the changing society, otherwise they would be excelled by others. Therefore, if a person desires to be a winner, he should keep learning.
/翻译：在我们知识爆炸的时代，新闻、事实和观点从世界各个角落不断涌来，对知识的持续渴望显得极为重要。中国首富李嘉诚曾经说过为了顺应不断变化的社会，人们必须吸收新的知识，否则他们就会被其他人超越。因此，如果希望成为赢者，就应该不断学习。
/说明：人名Li Jiacheng(李嘉诚)可以换做其他任何一个人，比如Mayun(马云)、Wang Jianlin(王健林)等，虽然不一定是真的首富。也就是说，例子完全可以杜撰，只要说得通
/例子15(团结(合作)就是力量)：There are many examples to illustrate the above arguements. A typical one concerns drawing the genetic map. It is obvious that a single person could not accomplish this map even though exhausting all his life and efforts. Nevertheless, if thousnads of scientists around the world together devote their expertise and enthusiasm to this landmark mission, the victory will be just around the corner.
/翻译：很多例子可以表明上述观点。一个典型的例子是关于绘制基因图谱。很显然，即使耗尽所有力气和生命，一个人也不可能完成这个图谱。但是，如果全世界数千科学家一起将知识和热情贡献给这个具有里程碑意义的任务时，胜利指日可待。
/例子16(团结(合作)就是力量)：The Boeing planes are another miracle created by cooperation. Assembled with the parts produced in global factories, those aircraft boast perfect functions and trust-worthy quality.
/翻译：波音飞机是合作铸造的另一个奇迹。组装自生产于世界工厂的零件，这些飞机拥有完美的性能和值得信任的质量
/例子17(放弃让我们失败)：If Edison, like many others, had been stifled by repeated failures, there would be no vibrant modern cities at night. Edison's success proves that if a person is not scared by seemingly insurmountable adversity, he can find the way to success.
/翻译：如果爱迪生像其他人一样被失败打倒，就不会有充满活力的现代夜市了。爱迪生的成功证明如果一个人没有被看起来无法战胜的困境吓倒，他就能找到成功的方法。
在描述图画时，除了说明时间和地点，还要指出是什么样的人/物？在怎么样地做？做什么样的事情？以下是描述词语的基本素材，参考。
第一描述是“什么样的人”
/穿着：wear, dress, be dressed in + 颜色
/年龄：old, aged, young, middle-aged
/身材：fat, plump(丰满的), slim(苗条的), thin
/数量：many, a group of
/特点：cute, lovely, adorable(值得尊敬的), charming, handsome, beautiful
/表情：
（1）喜：happy, pleased, joyful, cheerful, delighted
（2）怒：angry, resentful(愤怒的), raging(愤怒的)
（3）哀：sad, sorrowful(悲伤的), heartbroken(心碎的), depressed(沮丧的)
（4）愁：worried, fearful, anxious, afraid
（5）困惑：confused, vacant(茫然的)
（6）冷漠：distant(冷漠的), wooden(木然的)
/惊讶：astonished, surprised, amazed
/动作：stand, run, walk, jump, leap(跳跃), sit, leave, escape, enjoy, gather
第二描述在“怎么样地做”(写成方式状语)
常用修饰语有：
actively：积极地
energetically：精力充沛地
bravely：勇敢地
mutually：互相
together：一起
第三描述在“做什么事情”
/正在做某事：be doing
/努力做某事：
make every effort to do
do one's utmost to do
exert oneself to do
/试图做某事：attempt to do
/忙于做某事：
be engaged in doing
be busy in doing
/打算作某事：
intend to do
be going to do
真题示例
/1.The drawing illustrates many students who are standing at a crossing, and, in the meanwhile, the presence of the expression on their faces obviously displays that they are quite confused about future. (2013年英语一真题)
/2.The cartoon illustrates a group of friends who are gathering and enjoying a dinner (in a restaurant), and, in the meanwhile, the presence of the expression on their faces obviously displays that they are quite delighted.(2015年英语一真题)