Linux 和 Vim 使用技巧收集

Linux Vim

Linux

.bash_profile

1. export CDPATH=.:~:/etc:/var
2. alias cd4="cd ../../../.."
3. function mkdircd () { mkdir -p "$@" && eval cd "\"\$$#\""; }

grep、find、join、Xargs、nohup

• Syntax: grep [options] pattern [files]

# grep John /etc/passwd 
jsmith:x:1082:1082:John Smith:/home/jsmith:/bin/bash 
jdoe:x:1083:1083:John Doe:/home/jdoe:/bin/bash 
# grep -v John /etc/passwd 
jbourne:x:1084:1084:Jason Bourne:/home/jbourne:/bin/bash
# grep -c John /etc/passwd 
2 
# grep -cv John /etc/passwd 
39 
# grep -i john /etc/passwd 
jsmith:x:1082:1082:John Smith:/home/jsmith:/bin/bash 
jdoe:x:1083:1083:John Doe:/home/jdoe:/bin/bash 
# grep -ri john /home/users 
/home/users/subdir1/letter.txt:John, Thanks for your contribution. 
/home/users/name_list.txt:John Smith 
/home/users/name_list.txt:John Doe

• Regular Expression in Grep

$ grep "^Nov 10" messages.1 
Nov 10 01:12:55 gs123 ntpd[2241]: time reset +0.177479 s 
Nov 10 01:17:17 gs123 ntpd[2241]: synchronized to LOCAL(0), stratum 10 

• Syntax: find [pathnames] [conditions]

# find /etc -name "*mail*" 
# find / -type f -size +100M 
# find . -mtime +60     # 60 day
# find /home/jsmith -type f -mtime +60 | xargs tar -cvf /tmp/`date '+%d%m%Y'_archive.tar` 

• join

$ cat employee.txt 
100 Jason Smith 
200 John Doe 
300 Sanjay Gupta 
400 Ashok Sharma 
$ cat bonus.txt 
100 $5,000 
200 $500 
300 $3,000 
400 $1,250 
$ join employee.txt bonus.txt 
100 Jason Smith $5,000 
200 John Doe $500 
300 Sanjay Gupta $3,000 
400 Ashok Sharma $1,250 

• Xargs

find ~ -name ‘*.log’ -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f 

• Execute Commands in the Background with logout
  $ nohup ./my-shell-script.sh &

• 输出到屏幕的同时也输出到文件
  $ cat Example.txt |tee e2.txt
$ script -a example.txt、$ exit

Vim

1. 指定行间搜索，例如行 13 ~ 23：/\%>12l\%<24lsearch，来源
2. 去掉数字后的非数字字符, 例如600000 浦发银行：1,$s/\(\d\+\)\(\D\+\)/\1/g
3. 保留前六位，例如000042 中证财通可持续发展100指数 : 1,$s/\(^.\{6\}\).*/\1/g
4. 简单排序: 1,$!sort