LinearLayout和RelativeLayout对比

view

还是来从问题入手：在实现效果相同的情况下，线性布局和相对布局选择哪个？

relativelayout和linerlayout都是继承自ViewGroup，所以要比较view的性能还是要看onMeasure、onLayout、onDraw三个方法。有测试数据表示在加载相同布局情况下，linerlayout的onLayout、onDraw方法的执行时间和relativelayout差不多，但是liner的onMeasure()时间要短很多。既然出现了差异，那么就从源码角度具体分析。

首先来看RelativeLayout的OnMeasure()

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        ......
        View[] views = mSortedHorizontalChildren;
        int count = views.length;
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            View child = views[i];
            if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
                LayoutParams params = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                int[] rules = params.getRules(layoutDirection);
                applyHorizontalSizeRules(params, myWidth, rules);
                //第一次
                measureChildHorizontal(child, params, myWidth, myHeight);
                if (positionChildHorizontal(child, params, myWidth, isWrapContentWidth)) {
                    offsetHorizontalAxis = true;
                }
            }
        }
        views = mSortedVerticalChildren;
        count = views.length;
        final int targetSdkVersion = getContext().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = views[i];
            if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
                final LayoutParams params = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                applyVerticalSizeRules(params, myHeight, child.getBaseline());
                //第二次
                measureChild(child, params, myWidth, myHeight);
                if (positionChildVertical(child, params, myHeight, isWrapContentHeight)) {
                    offsetVerticalAxis = true;
                }
                if (isWrapContentWidth) {
                    if (isLayoutRtl()) {
                        if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                            width = Math.max(width, myWidth - params.mLeft);
                        } else {
                            width = Math.max(width, myWidth - params.mLeft - params.leftMargin);
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                            width = Math.max(width, params.mRight);
                        } else {
                            width = Math.max(width, params.mRight + params.rightMargin);
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (isWrapContentHeight) {
                    if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                        height = Math.max(height, params.mBottom);
                    } else {
                        height = Math.max(height, params.mBottom + params.bottomMargin);
                    }
                }
                if (child != ignore || verticalGravity) {
                    left = Math.min(left, params.mLeft - params.leftMargin);
                    top = Math.min(top, params.mTop - params.topMargin);
                }
                if (child != ignore || horizontalGravity) {
                    right = Math.max(right, params.mRight + params.rightMargin);
                    bottom = Math.max(bottom, params.mBottom + params.bottomMargin);
                }
            }
        }
        ......
    }

上面代码只截取了核心的一部分，可以看到relativelayout对子view进行了两次measure，因为相对布局的子view是基于相对位置分布的，子view之间可能分别存在横向和纵向上依赖关系，所以需要在横向和纵向分别进行一次measure来确定view的位置,最后都会调用child.measure();

再来看LinerLayout的OnMeasure:

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL) {
            measureVertical(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        } else {
            measureHorizontal(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        }
    }

可以看出来linerlayout只针对布局方向进行了一次measure。
具体的看下measureVertical()方法

void measureVertical(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
   .....
   for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
            final View child = getVirtualChildAt(i);
            .....
            final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            totalWeight += lp.weight;
            final boolean useExcessSpace = lp.height == 0 && lp.weight > 0;
            //设置了weight值
            if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && useExcessSpace) {
                 final int totalLength = mTotalLength;
                mTotalLength = Math.max(totalLength, totalLength + lp.topMargin+lp.bottomMargin);
                skippedMeasure = true;//标记位，跳过measure
            }else {
               ....
               measureChildBeforeLayout(child,i,widthMeasureSpec,0,heightMeasureSpec,usedHeight);
               ....     
            }    
    }
    .....
    if (skippedMeasure || remainingExcess != 0 && totalWeight > 0.0f) {
            for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
                final View child = getVirtualChildAt(i);
                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                final float childWeight = lp.weight;
                if (childWeight > 0) {
                    ......
                    final int childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(
                            Math.max(0, childHeight), MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
                    final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,
                            mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin,
                            lp.width);
                    //针对weight大于0的view
                    child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
                }
            }
    }
}

上面只截取了部分核心代码，可以看到如果子view的layout:weight>0且layout:height=0的时候，第一次measure跳过这些view，并设置标记位skippedMeasure为true，在后面对这些view进行第二次measure。同理，measureHorizontal()里的逻辑类似。

总结：相同的布局情况下，relativet会对子View进行两次measure，liner只对子View进行一次measure，而在设置了weight时，也会对weight进行两次measure，所以一般情况下LinearLayout的性能要优于RelativeLayout。
如果view的层级嵌套过多，尽量使用relativelayout来降低层级,因为relative比较灵活而且层级结构比较扁平，很多liner的嵌套都可以用一个relative来代替。这也是Google推荐的方式（之前新建项目的布局都是relativelayout）。