导出和导入容器

docker

导出容器

如果要导出本地某个容器，可以使用 docker export 命令。

[root@zzk ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                         NAMES
4d680696fd07        centos              "/bin/sh -c 'while tr"   30 minutes ago      Exited (137) 20 minutes ago                                  awesome_hoover
0b71bcb30b60        centos              "/bin/sh -c 'while tr"   45 minutes ago      Exited (137) 40 minutes ago                                  pensive_stallman
87d5008007ec        centos              "/bin/sh -c 'while tr"   49 minutes ago      Exited (137) 48 minutes ago                                  stoic_payne
ddc24a6d00f0        centos              "bash"                   About an hour ago   Exited (0) 51 minutes ago                                    modest_gates
7b71848a072a        centos              "/bin/echo 'Hello wor"   About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                                 big_bell
c4cc44e8870f        nginx:1.9           "nginx -g 'daemon off"   3 hours ago         Up About an hour               0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   webserver
edbe3f8b74d1        centos              "/bin/bash"              7 hours ago         Exited (137) 2 hours ago                                     big_gates
2d8e610dea5c        centos              "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (137) 2 hours ago                                     berserk_payne
46bb9ad81a01        bash                "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (0) 3 days ago                                        goofy_albattani
ed0595a5ff0e        bash                "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (0) 3 days ago                                        stupefied_albattani
2004577f8837        bash                "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (0) 3 days ago                                        mad_keller
ef263c4b2603        bash                "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (0) 3 days ago                                        tiny_keller
6e9df078978c        bash                "bash"                   3 days ago          Exited (127) 3 days ago                                      grave_roentgen
0bd749bde8cc        centos              "/bin/bas"               3 days ago          Created                                                      thirsty_nobel
[root@zzk ~]# docker export ddc24a6d00f0 > centos.tar
[root@zzk ~]# 

这样将导入容器快照到本地

导入容器快照

可以使用 docker import 从容器快照文件中再导入为镜像，例如

[root@zzk ~]# cat centos.tar | docker import - test/centos:v1.0
sha256:082b955dc46cd361299f34f2c9c4de15939f153a48dcb72f0a32d4d88eec88ea
[root@zzk ~]# docker images test/centos:v1.0
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
test/centos         v1.0                082b955dc46c        About a minute ago   191.8 MB
[root@zzk ~]# 

此外，也可以通过指定 URL 或者某个目录来导入，例如

$sudo docker import http://example.com/exampleimage.tgz example/imagerepo

注：用户既可以使用 docker load 来导入镜像存储文件到本地镜像库，也可以使用 docker import 来导入一个容器快照到本地镜像库。这两者的区别在于容器快照文件将丢弃所有的历史记录和元数据信息（即仅保存容器当时的快照状态），而镜像存储文件将保存完整记录，体积也要大。此外，从容器快照文件导入时可以重新指定标签等元数据信息。