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@zhouyy 2018-03-16T09:40:20.000000Z 字数 3832 阅读 487

nginx

backend

一. gcc 安装

安装 nginx 需要先将官网下载的源码进行编译，编译依赖 gcc 环境，如果没有 gcc 环境，则需要安装：

  1. yum install gcc-c++

二. PCRE pcre-devel 安装

PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) 是一个Perl库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx 的 http 模块使用 pcre 来解析正则表达式，所以需要在 linux 上安装 pcre 库，pcre-devel 是使用 pcre 开发的一个二次开发库。nginx也需要此库。命令：

  1. yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

三. zlib 安装

zlib 库提供了很多种压缩和解压缩的方式， nginx 使用 zlib 对 http 包的内容进行 gzip ，所以需要在 Centos 上安装 zlib 库。

  1. yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

四. OpenSSL 安装

OpenSSL 是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及 SSL 协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。
nginx 不仅支持 http 协议，还支持 https（即在ssl协议上传输http），所以需要在 Centos 安装 OpenSSL 库。

  1. yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

错误

Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed
错误原因：
未安装deltarpm。
解决方案：
依次执行下面两条命令，即可解决。

  1. yum provides '*/applydeltarpm'  
  2. yum install deltarpm

五.下载并解压

  1. wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
  2. tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
  3. cd nginx-1.12.2

六.编译安装

  1. ./configure

nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

  1. make && make install

查找安装路径：

  1. whereis nginx

添加环境变量/usr/local/nginx/sbin/
启动： ngnix
查看进程：ps aux|grep nginx

root 29306 0.0 0.0 20496 608 ? Ss 15:22 0:00 nginx: master process nginx
nobody 29307 0.0 0.0 20940 1332 ? S 15:22 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 29312 0.0 0.0 112664 968 pts/0 R+ 15:23 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

可能的问题：

  1. yum install psmisc

配置

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

  1. #user  nobody;
  2. worker_processes  1;
  4. #error_log  logs/error.log;
  5. #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
  6. #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  8. #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
  11. events {
  12.     worker_connections  1024;
  13. }
  16. http {
  17.     include       mime.types;
  18.     default_type  application/octet-stream;
  20.     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  21.     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  22.     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  24.     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
  26.     sendfile        on;
  27.     #tcp_nopush     on;
  29.     #keepalive_timeout  0;
  30.     keepalive_timeout  65;
  32.     #gzip  on;
  34.     server {
  35.         listen       80;
  36.         server_name  localhost;
  38.         #charset koi8-r;
  40.         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
  42.         location / {
  43.             root   html;
  44.             index  index.html index.htm;
  45.         }
  47.         #error_page  404              /404.html;
  49.         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  50.         #
  51.         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  52.         location = /50x.html {
  53.             root   html;
  54.         }
  56.         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  57.         #
  58.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  59.         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
  60.         #}
  62.         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  63.         #
  64.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  65.         #    root           html;
  66.         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  67.         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
  68.         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  69.         #    include        fastcgi_params;
  70.         #}
  72.         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  73.         # concurs with nginx's one
  74.         #
  75.         #location ~ /\.ht {
  76.         #    deny  all;
  77.         #}
  78.     }
  81.     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
  82.     #
  83.     #server {
  84.     #    listen       8000;
  85.     #    listen       somename:8080;
  86.     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
  88.     #    location / {
  89.     #        root   html;
  90.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  91.     #    }
  92.     #}
  95.     # HTTPS server
  96.     #
  97.     #server {
  98.     #    listen       443 ssl;
  99.     #    server_name  localhost;
  101.     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
  102.     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
  104.     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
  105.     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
  107.     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  108.     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
  110.     #    location / {
  111.     #        root   html;
  112.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  113.     #    }
  114.     #}
  116. }
  1. vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  2. nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  3. nginx -s reload

地址配置

关于alias和root的区别：
root和alias是系统文件路径的设置。
root用来设置根目录，而alias用来重置当前文件的目录。

  1. location /img/ {
  2.     alias /var/www/image/;
  3. }
  4. #若按照上述配置的话，则访问/img/目录里面的文件时，ningx会自动去/var/www/image/目录找文件
  5. location /img/ {
  6.     root /var/www/image;
  7. }
  8. #若按照这种配置的话，则访问/img/目录下的文件时，nginx会去/var/www/image/img/目录下找文件。

配置参考：http://fxued.kugou.com/2016/09/30/nginx_conf_study/

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