English learning

文化课 英文

3.30

“How do you account for your remarkable achievements in life?”Queen Victoria of the UK asked Helen Keller. “How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf,you were able to achieve so much?”
Ms.Keller's answered,“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan,the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.”
According to speaker Zig Ziglar,Annie Sullivan was no stranger to hardship.She was almost sightless herself and was,at one time,diagnosed as hopelessly “insane” by her caregivers.She was locked in the basement of a mental institution.Occasionally,Annie would violently attack anyone who came near.Most of the time she generally ignored everyone in her presence.

Tips
If it had not been for Anne Sullivan,the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown. 虚拟语气

An elderly nurse believed there was hope,however,and she made it her work to show love to the child.Every day she visited Annie,and she left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement.She believed Annie could recover,if only she were shown love.
Eventually,doctors noticed the change in the girl.Where they once witnessed anger and hate,they naw noted a gentleness and love.They moved her upstairs where she continued to improve.Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless” child was released.
Anne Sullivan grew into a young woman with a desire to help others as she,herself,was helped by the kind nurse.It was she who saw the great potential in Helen Keller.She loved her,disciplined her, played with her, pushed her and worked with her until the flickering candle that was her life became a beacon of light to the world.Anne Sullivan worked wonders in Helen's life;but in was a loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a kind teacher.
“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan,the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.”But if it had not been for a kind and dedicated nurse,the name of Anne Sullivan would have remained unknown.

4.2&4.3

Lack of electricity and resources in disadvantaged regions around the world means no centrifuge（离心机） in medical labs. Now, a simple new 20-cent invention could change all that. It's based on an unusual source of inspiration: the whirligig（陀螺）.
Manu Prakash is a physical biologist at Stanford and the inventor of the new product. When he visited Uganda in 2013 he found that the clinics had neither centrifuges nor the electricity to power them, He realized that he needed to design a human-powered centrifuge that costs less than a cup of coffee. When he returned to Stanford, Prakash began brainstorming ideas with his assistant, Saad Bhamla. They quickly concentrated on toys like yo-yos and whirligigs.
"One night I was playing with a button and string. And out of curiosity, I set up a high-speed camera to see how fast a button whirligig would spin. I couldn't believe my eyes, " Bhamla recalled. The button was spinning 10,000 to 15,000 revolutions per minute(rpm).

The pair began designing small hand-powered centrifuges based on the whirligig principle. Their final model was the Paperfuge. It spins 125,000 rpm, the same as a centrifuge costing $1,000 to $5,000.
The perfuge is made of a disk of paper coated in a polymer(聚合物). The disk is attached to two pieces of wood or PVC pipe via strings. When the strings are pulled, the disk in the middle spins. This acts as a centrifuge for a blood sample attached to the center of the disk. The team describes their work in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering.
Once in the blood is separated, it needs to be examined by a microscope. Luckily, several years ago Prakash also created the Foldscope. It is a $ 1 paper microscope with optical quality similar to conventional microscopes that will begin distribution in 2018.