@cdmonkey 2017-02-22T05:55:49.000000Z 字数 8790 阅读 1026

LVM

命令总结

http://blog.mr-zrz.com/%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BAlvm%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA.html
http://man.linuxde.net/lvcreate

http://ningg.top/use-lvm

有如下存储：

Disk /dev/emcpowerh: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 133674 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/emcpoweri: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 133674 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
...

首先创建物理卷（PV）：

[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpowerh
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerh" successfully created
[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpoweri
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpoweri" successfully created
[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpowerj
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerj" successfully created
[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpowerk
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerk" successfully created
[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpowerl
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerl" successfully created
[root@t9db02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/emcpowerp
  Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerp" successfully created

然后创建卷组（VG）：

[root@t9db02 ~]# vgcreate T9DB02 /dev/emcpowerh /dev/emcpoweri /dev/emcpowerj /dev/emcpowerk /dev/emcpowerl /dev/emcpowerp
  Found duplicate PV ph5n21iSpK2x0wXc3ANPdn0AldxWQWH2: using /dev/sdr not /dev/sdb
  Volume group "T9DB02" successfully created
-------------
[root@t9db02 ~]# vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found duplicate PV ph5n21iSpK2x0wXc3ANPdn0AldxWQWH2: using /dev/sdr not /dev/sdb
  Found volume group "T9DB02" using metadata type lvm2
[root@t9db02 ~]# vgdisplay T9DB02
  Found duplicate PV ph5n21iSpK2x0wXc3ANPdn0AldxWQWH2: using /dev/sdr not /dev/sdb
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               T9DB02
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        6
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                6
  Act PV                6
  VG Size               6.00 TiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              1572858
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       1572858 / 6.00 TiB
  VG UUID               pfjXHl-iXON-b4Cu-kxjE-1kKP-5G1s-b9PznP

创建逻辑卷（LV）：

[root@t9db02 ~]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE  T9DB02 -n lv_dbbackup
  Found duplicate PV ph5n21iSpK2x0wXc3ANPdn0AldxWQWH2: using /dev/sdr not /dev/sdb
  Logical volume "lv_dbbackup" created.

格式化

[root@t9db02 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/T9DB02-lv_dbbackup
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
402653184 inodes, 1610606592 blocks
80530329 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
49152 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
        102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

挂载

[root@t9db02 ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/mapper/T9DB02-lv_dbbackup /home/oracle/dbbackup/
[root@t9db02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2             518G   19G  473G   4% /
tmpfs                  24G  202M   24G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             190M   41M  140M  23% /boot
/dev/mapper/T9DB02-lv_dbbackup
                      6.0T   56M  5.7T   1% /home/oracle/dbbackup

排错：

[root@HISDB ~]# vgscan   
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdal not /dev/sdaw
  Found duplicate PV 0UU5sh3GACDzkxJobWZhvMcvjUV14x46: using /dev/sdz not /dev/sdak
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdaa not /dev/sdal
  Found volume group "VolGroup" using metadata type lvm2
  Found volume group "HISDB" using metadata type lvm2     # VG还在

但是“LV”处于未激活状态：

[root@HISDB ~]# lvscan
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdal not /dev/sdaw
  Found duplicate PV 0UU5sh3GACDzkxJobWZhvMcvjUV14x46: using /dev/sdz not /dev/sdak
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdaa not /dev/sdal
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol01' [987.25 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol00' [128.00 GiB] inherit
  inactive          '/dev/HISDB/VolGroup-LogVol02' [3.00 TiB] inherit

进行激活：

[root@HISDB ~]# vgchange -ay HISDB
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdal not /dev/sdaw
  Found duplicate PV 0UU5sh3GACDzkxJobWZhvMcvjUV14x46: using /dev/sdz not /dev/sdak
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdaa not /dev/sdal
  1 logical volume(s) in volume group "HISDB" now active
[root@HISDB ~]# lvscan            
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdal not /dev/sdaw
  Found duplicate PV 0UU5sh3GACDzkxJobWZhvMcvjUV14x46: using /dev/sdz not /dev/sdak
  Found duplicate PV 08JUGeuECScNSjsRANkBXhc08QR87drU: using /dev/sdaa not /dev/sdal
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol01' [987.25 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol00' [128.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/HISDB/VolGroup-LogVol02' [3.00 TiB] inherit

到此就能够进行正常的挂载了。

逻辑卷无法挂载

下面是故障现象：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# mount /dev/vg_dbbackup/lv_dbbackup /home/oracle/dbbackup/
mount: /dev/vg_dbbackup/lv_dbbackup already mounted or /home/oracle/dbbackup/ busy

无论挂载到本地的任何目录都会报出上面的错误信息。我们首先将相对应的“Mapper”的信息移除掉：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# dmsetup remove vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup
device-mapper: remove ioctl failed: Device or resource busy
Command failed      # 无法移除，显示该设备正忙。
[root@T9DB02 ~]# fuser -m /dev/mapper/vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup 
/dev/mapper/vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup:   612c
[root@T9DB02 ~]# ps -ef|grep 612
oracle     612   611  0 14:36 pts/0    00:00:00 -bash     # Need to kill this 
root      5612  4435  0 Jan18 ?        00:00:00 [aio/20]
root     12358  4087  0 16:59 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto 612
grid     25612     1  0 Jan18 ?        00:00:00 asm_smon_+ASM2
grid     26128     1  0 Jan18 ?        00:00:00 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/opmn/bin/ons -d
grid     26129 26128  0 Jan18 ?        00:01:17 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/opmn/bin/ons -d

杀掉占用该逻辑卷的进程后重新挂载：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# dmsetup remove vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup
[root@T9DB02 ~]# dmsetup ls
VolGroup00-lv_swap  (253, 1)
VolGroup00-lv_root  (253, 0)
[root@T9DB02 ~]# ls /dev/mapper/
control             VolGroup00-lv_root  VolGroup00-lv_swap
# 没有找到该逻辑卷设备，证明我们已经将其正常的移除了。

重新扫描一下逻辑卷信息，发现该逻辑卷处于未激活的状态：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# lvs
  LV          VG          Attr   LSize  Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  lv_root     VolGroup00  -wi-ao  1.07T                                      
  lv_swap     VolGroup00  -wi-ao 16.00G                                      
  lv_dbbackup vg_dbbackup -wi---  3.39T                                      
[root@T9DB02 ~]# lvscan 
  inactive          '/dev/vg_dbbackup/lv_dbbackup' [3.39 TB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [1.07 TB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [16.00 GB] inherit

重新激活该逻辑卷：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# vgchange -ay vg_dbbackup
  1 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg_dbbackup" now active
---------------
[root@T9DB02 ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vg_dbbackup/lv_dbbackup' [3.39 TB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [1.07 TB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [16.00 GB] inherit

激活后重新挂载：

[root@T9DB02 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup  /beifen/
[root@T9DB02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-lv_root
                      1.1T  516G  495G  52% /
/dev/sda1             190M   14M  167M   8% /boot
tmpfs                 253G  634M  252G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg_dbbackup-lv_dbbackup
                      3.4T  1.4T  1.8T  44% /beifen

查看下挂载后的情况：

[root@T9DB02 beifen]# ls
20160426L0.log  archivebak  databak  lost+found  mount-2016-04-28.txt
# 事实证明没有丢失任何的数据。

空间扩容

虚拟机的某个逻辑卷分区原大小60G，后将该硬盘的空间增加到100G，那么需要将逻辑卷分区进行扩容。

[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
...
/dev/mapper/vg_home-lv_home
                       59G  390M   56G   1% /home

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

http://haoyou168.blog.51cto.com/284295/325865

[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# yum install parted
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# partprobe /dev/sdc
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdc (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.

[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# partx /dev/sdc
# 1:      2048-125829119 (125827072 sectors,  64423 MB)
# 2: 125829120-209712509 ( 83883390 sectors,  42948 MB)
# 3:         0-       -1 (        0 sectors,      0 MB)
# 4:         0-       -1 (        0 sectors,      0 MB)
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# ls -al /dev/sd*   
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,  0 May 24 11:57 /dev/sda
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,  1 May 23 18:16 /dev/sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,  2 May 23 18:16 /dev/sda2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 May 24 11:57 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 May 23 18:16 /dev/sdb1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 32 May 24 11:58 /dev/sdc
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 33 May 23 18:16 /dev/sdc1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 34 May 24 12:00 /dev/sdc2   # 新增加分区。

进行格式化（略）。

#
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc2
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc2" successfully created
#
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# vgextend vg_home /dev/sdc2
  Volume group "vg_home" successfully extended
#
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/vg_home-lv_home
  Size of logical volume vg_home/lv_home changed from 60.00 GiB (15359 extents) to 99.99 GiB (25598 extents).
  Logical volume lv_home successfully resized
# 最后：
[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_home/lv_home
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_home/lv_home is mounted on /home; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 7
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_home/lv_home to 26212352 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_home/lv_home is now 26212352 blocks long.

扩容完成：

[root@PBSSXFJRDB ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
...
/dev/mapper/vg_home-lv_home
                       99G  398M   93G   1% /home

LVM

排错：

逻辑卷无法挂载

空间扩容

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