@wangzhuanyun
2020-08-15T07:42:12.000000Z
字数 7517
阅读 8581
ssm
1.什么是ORM
ORM即对象关系映射(Object-Relationl Mapping),它的作用是在关系型数据库和对象之间作一个映射,这样,我们在具体的操作数据库的时候,就不需要再去和复杂的SQL语句打交道,只要像平时操作对象一样操作它就可以了 。
2.mybatis所需jar
<mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version><slf4j.version>1.7.12</slf4j.version><log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version><druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version><!-- mybatis框架包 --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>${mybatis.version}</version></dependency><!-- log --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><!--mysql驱动--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.35</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.8</version></dependency>
3.创建主配置文件mybatis.xml相关配置
<configuration><!--引入properties文件--><properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties><settings><!-- value="STDOUT_LOGGING" 配置打印SQL语句 --><setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/></settings><!--简化包名--><typeAliases><package name="com.hz.pojo"/></typeAliases><!--创建数据源 默认加载cs--><environments default="cs"><environment id="cs"><!--caiyong JDBC方式加载事务--><transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>type属性、其有三种取值:POOLED:使用Mybatis自带的数据库连接池来管理数据库连接UNPOOLED:不使用任何数据库连接池来管理数据库连接JNDI:jndi形式使用数据库连接、主要用于项目正常使用的时候<dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/><property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/></dataSource></environment></environments><!--扫描mapper文件--><mappers><mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/></mappers></configuration>
4. 编写测试类
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";try {InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);/*** true 自动提交事务 (默认)* false 关闭自动提交*/SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);userDao.getUserId(1);//关闭sqlsessionsqlSession.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
SQL映射文件
<mapper namespace="com.hz.dao.UserDao"><select id="getUserId" parameterType="Long" resultType="User" >SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_id=#{user_id}</select></mapper>
标签解释:
mapper:根元素 ,只有一个属性namespace,用来区分不同的mapper文件,必须与接口绑定。
select:映射查询语句
delete:映射删除语句
update: 映射修改语句
insert: 映射插入语句
sql: 可以重用sql块,也可以被其他语句引用
resultMap : 用来描述数据库结果集和对象的对应关系
cache :配置给定命名空间的缓存
SQL映射文件参数传递
1. 单参数:
接口中定义
public List<User> getUserListByName(String user_name);
mapper中使用
<select id="getUserListByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User" >SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')</select>
id :与接口中方法名相同
parameterType:指定要接收的参数类型
resultType:返回值类型,对象或集合都可以写对象
使用注解@Param
public List<User> getUserList(@Param("user_name") String user_name, @Param("user_state") int user_state);
使用对象
public int updateUser(User user);<update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">update sf_user set user_name=#{user_name} where user_id=#{user_id}</update>注意:#{user_name} 为User对象下属性名,不能随便写update,insert,delete 都没有resultType 默认返回受影响行数int类型
使用map集合
public List<User> getUserListMap(Map<String,Object> map);<select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultType="User">SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}</select>注意:#{user_name} 为map的KEY
SQL映射文件指定返回列
select 标签中的属性
resultType:标识返回值类型,基础类型与复杂数据类型
resultMap:用来引入外部的一个resultMap,与外部resultMap标签中id对应
在mybatis主配置文件中关闭自动映射<setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="NONE"/><select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultMap="resultMap">SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}</select><resultMap id="resUser" type="User"><id property="user_id" column="user_id"></id><result property="user_name" column="user_name"></result></resultMap>
SQL映射文件获取一对一关系值(对象套对象association)
//角色实体类public class Role {private long role_id;private String role_name;private String role_remarks;//管理员实体类public class Admin {private long admin_id;private String admin_name;private Role admin_role;//角色对象<resultMap id="mapAdmin" type="Admin"><id property="admin_id" column="admin_id"></id><result property="admin_name" column="admin_name"></result><association property="admin_role" javaType="Role"><id property="role_id" column="role_id"></id><result property="role_name" column="role_name"></result><result property="role_remarks" column="role_remarks"></result></association></resultMap><select id="AdminMapper" parameterType="Long" resultMap="mapAdmin">SELECT * FROM sf_admin a left join sf_role b on a.admin_role_id=b.role_id where admin_id=#{admin_id}</select>或<resultMap id="mapAdmin" type="Admin"><id property="admin_id" column="admin_id"></id><result property="admin_name" column="admin_name"></result><association property="admin_role" resultMap="rolemap" javaType="Role"/></resultMap><resultMap id="rolemap" type="Role"><id property="role_id" column="role_id"></id><result property="role_name" column="role_name"></result><result property="role_remarks" column="role_remarks"></result></resultMap>
使用association实现一对一
property:属性名
javaType:所属数据类型
SQL映射文件获取一对多关系值(对象套集合)
//收货地址实体类public class Address {private long address_id;private String address_name;//用户实体类public class User {private long user_id;private String user_name;private List<Address> addr_list;<resultMap id="user_addr_map" type="User"><id property="user_id" column="user_id"></id><result property="user_name" column="user_name"></result><collection property="addr_list" ofType="Address"><id property="address_id" column="address_id"></id><result property="address_name" column="address_name"></result></collection></resultMap><select id="getUserId" parameterType="Long" resultMap="user_addr_map" >SELECT * FROM sf_user a right join sf_address b on a.user_id=b.address_user_id where user_id=#{user_id}</select>
动态SQL
1. if
<select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultMap="resultMap">SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}</select>如:SELECT * FROM sf_user<where><if test="user_name!=null">user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')</if><if test="user_state!=null">and user_state=#{user_state}</if></where>注意:user_state为Integer类型
2.if + trim
SELECT * FROM sf_user<trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and "><if test="user_name!=null">and user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')</if><if test="user_state!=null">and user_state=#{user_state}</if></trim>prefix 给sql语句拼接的前缀suffix 给sql语句拼接的后缀prefixOverrides 去除sql语句前面的关键字或者字符,该关键字或者字符由prefixOverrides属性指定,假设该属性指定为"AND",当sql语句的开头为"AND",trim标签将会去除该"AND"suffixOverrides 去除sql语句后面的关键字或者字符,该关键字或者字符由suffixOverrides属性指定
3.if + set
<update id="updateAuthorIfNecessary">update Author<set><if test="username != null">username=#{username},</if><if test="password != null">password=#{password},</if><if test="email != null">email=#{email},</if><if test="bio != null">bio=#{bio}</if></set>where id=#{id}</update>
4.foreach
<select id="selectPostIn" resultType="domain.blog.Post">SELECT *FROM POST PWHERE ID in<foreach item="val" collection="list"open="(" separator="," close=")">#{val}</foreach></select>item: 循环后获取的每个对象值collection:指定循环集合类型 list,array,map-keyopen:前缀close:后缀separator:中间以什么隔开
5.choose(when otherwise)
<choose><when test ="条件1"> …</when><when test ="条件2"> …</when><when test ="条件3"> …</when>…<otherwise>…</otherwise></choose>
6.sql
//建立sql片段<sql id="query_user_where">......</sql>SELECT * FROM sf_user<trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and "><include refid="query_user_where"/></trim>