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@wangzhuanyun 2020-08-15T07:42:12.000000Z 字数 7517 阅读 7381

MyBatis框架

ssm


1.什么是ORM
ORM即对象关系映射(Object-Relationl Mapping),它的作用是在关系型数据库和对象之间作一个映射,这样,我们在具体的操作数据库的时候,就不需要再去和复杂的SQL语句打交道,只要像平时操作对象一样操作它就可以了 。

2.mybatis所需jar

  1. <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
  2. <slf4j.version>1.7.12</slf4j.version>
  3. <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  4. <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
  5. <!-- mybatis框架包 -->
  6. <dependency>
  7. <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  8. <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  9. <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
  10. </dependency>
  11. <!-- log -->
  12. <dependency>
  13. <groupId>log4j</groupId>
  14. <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
  15. <version>${log4j.version}</version>
  16. </dependency>
  17. <dependency>
  18. <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  19. <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  20. <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  21. </dependency>
  22. <dependency>
  23. <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  24. <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
  25. <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  26. </dependency>
  27. <!--mysql驱动-->
  28. <dependency>
  29. <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  30. <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  31. <version>5.1.35</version>
  32. </dependency>
  33. <dependency>
  34. <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  35. <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  36. <version>1.18.8</version>
  37. </dependency>

3.创建主配置文件mybatis.xml相关配置

  1. <configuration>
  2. <!--引入properties文件-->
  3. <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>
  4. <settings>
  5. <!-- value="STDOUT_LOGGING" 配置打印SQL语句 -->
  6. <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
  7. </settings>
  8. <!--简化包名-->
  9. <typeAliases>
  10. <package name="com.hz.pojo"/>
  11. </typeAliases>
  12. <!--创建数据源 默认加载cs-->
  13. <environments default="cs">
  14. <environment id="cs">
  15. <!--caiyong JDBC方式加载事务-->
  16. <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
  17. type属性、其有三种取值:
  18. POOLED:使用Mybatis自带的数据库连接池来管理数据库连接
  19. UNPOOLED:不使用任何数据库连接池来管理数据库连接
  20. JNDIjndi形式使用数据库连接、主要用于项目正常使用的时候
  21. <dataSource type="POOLED">
  22. <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
  23. <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
  24. <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
  25. <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
  26. </dataSource>
  27. </environment>
  28. </environments>
  29. <!--扫描mapper文件-->
  30. <mappers>
  31. <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
  32. </mappers>
  33. </configuration>

4. 编写测试类

  1. String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
  2. try {
  3. InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
  4. SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
  5. /**
  6. * true 自动提交事务 (默认)
  7. * false 关闭自动提交
  8. */
  9. SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
  10. UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
  11. userDao.getUserId(1);
  12. //关闭sqlsession
  13. sqlSession.close();
  14. } catch (IOException e) {
  15. e.printStackTrace();
  16. }

SQL映射文件

  1. <mapper namespace="com.hz.dao.UserDao">
  2. <select id="getUserId" parameterType="Long" resultType="User" >
  3. SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_id=#{user_id}
  4. </select>
  5. </mapper>

标签解释:

mapper:根元素 ,只有一个属性namespace,用来区分不同的mapper文件,必须与接口绑定。
select:映射查询语句
delete:映射删除语句
update: 映射修改语句
insert: 映射插入语句
sql: 可以重用sql块,也可以被其他语句引用
resultMap : 用来描述数据库结果集和对象的对应关系
cache :配置给定命名空间的缓存

SQL映射文件参数传递
1. 单参数:
接口中定义

  1. public List<User> getUserListByName(String user_name);

mapper中使用

  1. <select id="getUserListByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User" >
  2. SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')
  3. </select>

id :与接口中方法名相同
parameterType:指定要接收的参数类型
resultType:返回值类型,对象或集合都可以写对象

  1. 多个参数:

使用注解@Param

  1. public List<User> getUserList(@Param("user_name") String user_name, @Param("user_state") int user_state);

使用对象

  1. public int updateUser(User user);
  2. <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">
  3. update sf_user set user_name=#{user_name} where user_id=#{user_id}
  4. </update>
  5. 注意:#{user_name} User对象下属性名,不能随便写
  6. update,insert,delete 都没有resultType 默认返回受影响行数int类型

使用map集合

  1. public List<User> getUserListMap(Map<String,Object> map);
  2. <select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultType="User">
  3. SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}
  4. </select>
  5. 注意:#{user_name} mapKEY

SQL映射文件指定返回列
select 标签中的属性

resultType:标识返回值类型,基础类型与复杂数据类型
resultMap:用来引入外部的一个resultMap,与外部resultMap标签中id对应

  1. mybatis主配置文件中关闭自动映射
  2. <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="NONE"/>
  3. <select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultMap="resultMap">
  4. SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}
  5. </select>
  6. <resultMap id="resUser" type="User">
  7. <id property="user_id" column="user_id"></id>
  8. <result property="user_name" column="user_name"></result>
  9. </resultMap>

SQL映射文件获取一对一关系值(对象套对象association)

  1. //角色实体类
  2. public class Role {
  3. private long role_id;
  4. private String role_name;
  5. private String role_remarks;
  6. //管理员实体类
  7. public class Admin {
  8. private long admin_id;
  9. private String admin_name;
  10. private Role admin_role;//角色对象
  11. <resultMap id="mapAdmin" type="Admin">
  12. <id property="admin_id" column="admin_id"></id>
  13. <result property="admin_name" column="admin_name"></result>
  14. <association property="admin_role" javaType="Role">
  15. <id property="role_id" column="role_id"></id>
  16. <result property="role_name" column="role_name"></result>
  17. <result property="role_remarks" column="role_remarks"></result>
  18. </association>
  19. </resultMap>
  20. <select id="AdminMapper" parameterType="Long" resultMap="mapAdmin">
  21. SELECT * FROM sf_admin a left join sf_role b on a.admin_role_id=b.role_id where admin_id=#{admin_id}
  22. </select>
  23. <resultMap id="mapAdmin" type="Admin">
  24. <id property="admin_id" column="admin_id"></id>
  25. <result property="admin_name" column="admin_name"></result>
  26. <association property="admin_role" resultMap="rolemap" javaType="Role"/>
  27. </resultMap>
  28. <resultMap id="rolemap" type="Role">
  29. <id property="role_id" column="role_id"></id>
  30. <result property="role_name" column="role_name"></result>
  31. <result property="role_remarks" column="role_remarks"></result>
  32. </resultMap>

使用association实现一对一
property:属性名
javaType:所属数据类型

SQL映射文件获取一对多关系值(对象套集合)

  1. //收货地址实体类
  2. public class Address {
  3. private long address_id;
  4. private String address_name;
  5. //用户实体类
  6. public class User {
  7. private long user_id;
  8. private String user_name;
  9. private List<Address> addr_list;
  10. <resultMap id="user_addr_map" type="User">
  11. <id property="user_id" column="user_id"></id>
  12. <result property="user_name" column="user_name"></result>
  13. <collection property="addr_list" ofType="Address">
  14. <id property="address_id" column="address_id"></id>
  15. <result property="address_name" column="address_name"></result>
  16. </collection>
  17. </resultMap>
  18. <select id="getUserId" parameterType="Long" resultMap="user_addr_map" >
  19. SELECT * FROM sf_user a right join sf_address b on a.user_id=b.address_user_id where user_id=#{user_id}
  20. </select>

动态SQL
1. if

  1. <select id="getUserListMap" parameterType="Map" resultMap="resultMap">
  2. SELECT * FROM sf_user where user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%') and user_state=#{user_state}
  3. </select>
  4. 如:
  5. SELECT * FROM sf_user
  6. <where>
  7. <if test="user_name!=null">
  8. user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')
  9. </if>
  10. <if test="user_state!=null">
  11. and user_state=#{user_state}
  12. </if>
  13. </where>
  14. 注意:user_stateInteger类型

2.if + trim

  1. SELECT * FROM sf_user
  2. <trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and ">
  3. <if test="user_name!=null">
  4. and user_name like concat('%',#{user_name},'%')
  5. </if>
  6. <if test="user_state!=null">
  7. and user_state=#{user_state}
  8. </if>
  9. </trim>
  10. prefix sql语句拼接的前缀
  11. suffix sql语句拼接的后缀
  12. prefixOverrides 去除sql语句前面的关键字或者字符,该关键字或者字符由prefixOverrides属性指定,假设该属性指定为"AND",当sql语句的开头为"AND"trim标签将会去除该"AND"
  13. suffixOverrides 去除sql语句后面的关键字或者字符,该关键字或者字符由suffixOverrides属性指定

3.if + set

  1. <update id="updateAuthorIfNecessary">
  2. update Author
  3. <set>
  4. <if test="username != null">username=#{username},</if>
  5. <if test="password != null">password=#{password},</if>
  6. <if test="email != null">email=#{email},</if>
  7. <if test="bio != null">bio=#{bio}</if>
  8. </set>
  9. where id=#{id}
  10. </update>

4.foreach

  1. <select id="selectPostIn" resultType="domain.blog.Post">
  2. SELECT *
  3. FROM POST P
  4. WHERE ID in
  5. <foreach item="val" collection="list"
  6. open="(" separator="," close=")">
  7. #{val}
  8. </foreach>
  9. </select>
  10. item 循环后获取的每个对象值
  11. collection:指定循环集合类型 listarraymap-key
  12. open:前缀
  13. close:后缀
  14. separator:中间以什么隔开

5.choose(when otherwise)

  1. <choose>
  2. <when test ="条件1"> …</when>
  3. <when test ="条件2"> …</when>
  4. <when test ="条件3"> …</when>
  5. <otherwise>…</otherwise>
  6. </choose>

6.sql

  1. //建立sql片段
  2. <sql id="query_user_where">
  3. ......
  4. </sql>
  5. SELECT * FROM sf_user
  6. <trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and ">
  7. <include refid="query_user_where"/>
  8. </trim>
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