IoT联手Couchbase Mobile来迎接大数据的挑战

Our physical world is about to become more and more digitally enabled. According to various predictions by Gartner or Cisco, there will be many billions of IoT devices going online in the coming years. Those devices can be grouped into two major categories: devices that “do” something (actors) and devices that collect data (sensors). Billions of devices constantly gathering data will leverage the true potential behind IoT: building information contexts and deducing intelligent decisions from this information to make our daily lives more secure, efficient and convenient.
即使是整天玩手机的小孩也知道当前社会正在逐步深入数据化，我们的物理世界将变得越来越数字化。根据Gartner或思科的各种预测，将有几十亿的物联网设备上网在未来几年。这些设备可以分为2大类：设备，“做”的东西（演员）和设备，收集数据（传感器）。数十亿的设备不断地收集数据，将利用物联网背后的真实潜能：构建信息环境，并从这些信息中推断出智能决策，使我们的日常生活更加安全、高效和方便。
Since all this data needs to be analyzed and stored, IoT is also challenged in the field of big data. We got in touch with Wayne Carter and Ali LeClerc of Couchbase to discuss whether Couchbase Mobile - a NoSQL database specifically designed to address requirements of mobile devices - is also ready for the upcoming era of Internet of Things.
由于所有这些数据需要进行分析和存储，物联网在大数据领域也面临挑战。我们得到了与韦恩卡特和阿里Leclerc Couchbase联系讨论是否Couchbase移动NoSQL数据库专门针对移动设备的要求也准备好了物联网时代的来临。
InfoQ: Couchbase is known as a NoSQL database engine. But besides offering data capabilities in ordinary (server-side) applications, Couchbase is also prepared for the increasing amount of devices out there. Could you please outline how Couchbase can be used beyond our servers?

InfoQ：Couchbase称为NoSQL数据库引擎。但除了普通提供数据的能力（服务器端）的应用，Couchbase也准备设备量的增加有。请列出Couchbase可以超越我们的服务器？

Couchbase Mobile is our NoSQL database solution for mobile. It’s
comprised of:Couchbase手机是我们的NoSQL数据库解决方案的移动。这是由：

• Couchbase Lite - our embedded NoSQL database that resides on the device。Couchbase Lite -嵌入式NoSQL数据库驻留在设备
• Sync Gateway - our internet-facing cloud component that securely syncs data from the device to the cloud同步网关-我们的面向Internet的云组件，安全地同步数据从设备到云
• Couchbase Server - our highly scalable and performant NoSQL database in the cloudCouchbase Server -我们的高度可扩展性和高性能的云的NoSQL数据库

Couchbase Mobile enables mobile developers to build apps quickly that work both online and offline. With Couchbase Lite, data is stored locally on the device and with Sync Gateway, data is synced between the device and cloud. Without a network connection, mobile applications continue to work with Couchbase Lite, and data is synced via Sync Gateway when a network is available.
Couchbase手机使移动开发者创建应用程序快，在线和离线工作。与Couchbase Lite，数据存储在本地设备上，同步网关，数据同步的设备和云之间。没有网络连接，移动应用程序继续与Couchbase Lite数据同步工作，并通过网络可用时同步网关。

InfoQ: Lately I read some news that said there will be 20-50 billion IoT devices by 2020. No matter if this is really the correct number, but there will be lots of devices, that’s sure. Will there also be special support for IoT?

InfoQ：最近我读了一些新闻，说将在2020的20-50亿物联网设备。不管这是真的正确的数字，但也会有很多的设备，这是肯定的。也有特别的支持物联网？

With the massive amounts of data being ingested within the IoT sphere, technologies to capture, clean, ingest, and process that data is increasingly important. Couchbase Mobile supports these types of cases. 随着被消化在物联网领域的海量数据、技术捕捉，清洁，进食，并处理数据越来越重要。Couchbase手机支持这些类型的案件。 In our Couchbase Mobile offering we are adding features specifically for IoT. One example of a feature that we are finding to be important for IoT is support for time-series data. Another is incremental data processing (e.g. incremental map-reduce) that allows data to be preprocessed on the device and the results of that processing to be incrementally reprocessed at another point in the system. 我们提供我们增加Couchbase手机专门针对物联网的特点。一个例子的特点，我们发现是重要的物联网是支持时间序列数据。另一个是增量数据处理（例如增量减少地图），允许将数据预处理是设备和加工结果增量处理在系统中的另一个点。
Take for example General Electric, a Couchbase Mobile customer. GE recently launched their Predix platform, a software platform for the industrial internet. Predix connects machines like wind turbines, railcars, power plants and more - machines that are counted on to work all day, everyday for the next 10, 20, 30 years. Companies like GE need a technology that can be relied on to work all the time, regardless of network availability. They also need a technology that can store, transfer, and ingest these massive amounts of data. Couchbase Mobile plays a key role in this platform to resolve these needs.
例如，通用电气，一个Couchbase手机客户。通用电气最近推出了他们的Predix平台，为工业互联网软件平台。Predix连接机器像风力涡轮机，铁路，发电厂和更多的是依靠整天工作的机器，在接下来的10，20天，30年。像通用电气公司需要一种技术，可以依赖于工作的所有时间，无论网络的可用性。他们还需要一个能够存储、技术转移和吸收这些海量数据。Couchbase手机起着关键的作用，这个平台来解决这些需求。

InfoQ: There is still a connectivity challenge when being mobile: low bandwidth, sometimes high communication costs or bad to none connectivity at all. As soon as we rely on data in our apps and devices, this can be a serious problem. How can we solve this?
InfoQ：还有一个连接的挑战被移动时：低带宽，有时沟通成本高或不好没有在所有的连接。一旦我们依靠我们的应用程序和设备的数据，这可能是一个严重的问题。我们怎样才能解决这个问题呢？

An assumption that a lot of mobile developers make is around the
ubiquity of high performance wireless networks. Specifically, it’s apps whose functionality only works with a good (i.e. available and fast) internet connection. But users are starting to expect mobile apps that work all the time, regardless of network availability. 假设大量移动开发者将围绕高性能无线网络的普及。具体而言，它的应用程序，其功能只与一个良好的（即可用和快速）互联网连接的工作。但用户开始预期的移动应用程序，工作的所有时间，无论网络的可用性。
There is a lot of evidence in the market that this assumption of ubiquitous networking will be proven wrong, which will require app developers to start developing functionality that works with or without a network connection. In fact, many of the most popular mobile apps have already started adding offline functionality (e.g. the Facebook mobile app recently added the ability to post status and pics without an internet connection. All the major airline mobile apps now have portions of functionality that work offline, etc). 在市场上有大量的证据表明，这种假设的无处不在的网络将被证明是错误的，这将需要应用程序开发人员开始开发的功能，与或没有网络连接。事实上，许多最受欢迎的移动应用程序已经开始添加脱机功能（例如，脸谱移动应用程序最近增加了能力，张贴状态和图片没有互联网连接。所有的主要航空公司的移动应用程序现在有部分的功能，离线工作等）。
It’s important that the system allows data to be managed and sync’d as the networking environment allows (e.g. only sync large images on a wifi network and don’t use a user’s data plan for that). 重要的是，系统允许将数据管理和同步会随着网络环境（例如只允许同步大图像在无线网络和不使用用户的数据计划，）。 Couchbase Mobile allows apps to work offline and then will automatically sync data to and from the cloud when network connection is available. Couchbase移动允许应用程序脱机工作，然后会自动同步数据与网络连接时可用的云。

InfoQ: When talking about distributed data storage, we also have to mention CAP - I suppose there’s a lot of P when being mobile. Which of C and A are available when using Couchbase mobile and what trade-offs do we have to expect?
InfoQ：当谈到分布式数据存储，我们还不得不提到帽-我想有很多P移动时。其中C和可使用Couchbase手机什么的取舍要期待什么？

With Couchbase Mobile, we have an AP system. We guarantee availability and partition tolerance. Every request receives a response because the database is local. The tradeoff is at the consistency level. Reconciling inconsistencies is the key concern. This is reconciled using multi-master replication and conflict resolution. Couchbase Mobile resolves replication internally, replicating data throughout the system resulting in eventual consistency. Conflict resolution is facilitated by Couchbase Mobile which allows reconciling conflicts on the client or on the server (e.g. n-way merge, most active branch wins, last in wins, etc.)
与Couchbase手机，我们有一个AP系统。我们保证可用性和分区公差。每个请求都接收到响应，因为数据库是本地的。折衷是在一致性水平。调和的矛盾是主要问题。这是调和使用多主复制和冲突解决。Couchbase移动复制复制数据在内部解决，导致最终一致性的系统。冲突的解决是通过Couchbase手机可以调和在客户端或服务器上的冲突，促进（例如多维融合，最活跃的一个分支，赢了，最后赢了，等）

InfoQ: When working with distributed data, there is also a lot of security related discussion. I suppose that thinking about security upfront is even more important in the field of IoT than in mobile apps. Usually there are less options to update IoT devices compared to smartphones and tablets. In what way will Couchbase mobile protect our data and can those techniques also be leveraged for IoT?
InfoQ：使用分布式数据的时候，也有很多安全相关的讨论。我想，在物联网领域，考虑安全性的思想更重要，而不是在移动应用程序中。通常有更少的选择更新物联网设备相比，智能手机和平板电脑。以什么样的方式将Couchbase手机保护我们的数据和那些技术也被用于物联网？

Security is extremely important when you start talking about mobile devices and IoT. For one, your users have to trust that you are protecting their data. Second, data is being transferred over the internet which can lead to security vulnerabilities.
当你开始谈论移动设备和物联网的安全是非常重要的。对于一个，你的用户必须相信你是保护他们的数据。二，数据被转移到互联网，这可能会导致安全漏洞。
Couchbase Mobile handles security in 5 areas: Couchbase移动处理安全性5个方面：
For User Authentication we support pluggable authentication. Out of the box we have support for popular public login providers like Facebook or you can write your own custom provider. You can also restrict access to the system to successfully authenticated users or optionally allow anonymous users.
我们支持用户认证认证。在这个盒子里，我们已经支持像脸谱这样的流行的公众登录供应商，或者你可以自己定制的供应商。您还可以限制访问该系统以成功身份验证用户，或允许匿名用户访问系统。
For Data Read/Write Access there are fine-grained policy tools that allow controlling data access for individual users and roles. Read-side permissions are at the document level and write-side permissions are down to the field level.
对于数据读/写访问有细粒度的政策工具，允许控制个人用户和角色的访问。读侧权限在文档级别，并将其写权限降到外地级别。 Data Transport on the Wire, for data in motion, is over TLS.
线路上的数据传输，数据在运动，在TLS。 Data Storage on Device, for data at rest on device, uses the device’s built in File System Encryption and additionally data-level encryption. For data-level encryption, Couchbase Lite encrypts and decrypts data as you read and write it from the database.
设备上的数据存储，在设备上的数据，使用该设备的建立在文件系统的加密和附加数据级加密。数据级加密，Couchbase Lite数据的加密和解密你读和写，它从数据库。 Data Storage in the Cloud, for data at rest in the cloud, you can configure Couchbase Server to use File System Encryption. 在云数据存储，数据在云休息，您可以配置Couchbase服务器使用加密文件系统。 All of the above security features also apply to IoT. 上述所有的安全特性也适用于物联网。

InfoQ: A lot of distributed data solutions also offer distributed data processing. How important is this for mobile devices and is this possible at all for IoT devices? What kind of restrictions do we have to keep in mind when distributing our data logic?
InfoQ：很多分布式数据解决方案还提供分布式数据处理。这对于移动设备是多么的重要，这可能在所有的物联网设备？在我们的数据逻辑分布时，我们要记住什么样的限制？
Yes, it’s important for mobile devices and yes, it’s possible for IoT devices (we treat them the same). We have map-reduce built throughout the entire database stack - both in Couchbase Lite and Couchbase Server. This allows data processing on mobile devices, IoT devices, and in the cloud.
是的，它是重要的移动设备和是的，它是可能的物联网设备（我们对他们一样）。我们有地图减少建立整个数据库堆栈在Couchbase Lite和Couchbase服务器。这允许在移动设备，物联网设备，在云数据处理。
One of the key things to keep in mind is the consistency of data processing, meaning data processed at one point in the system (e.g. a mobile device) should be consistent with data processed at another point in the system (e.g. another mobile device or the server). Where you can’t guarantee consistency (e.g. with one mobile device using v1.0 of the data processing and another using v1.1), you must guarantee compatibility between the differing results. The system must allow for this.
保持在头脑中的一个关键因素是数据处理的一致性，即在系统中的一个点（例如移动设备）处理的意义数据应该与在系统中的另一个点（例如，另一个移动设备或服务器）处理的数据相一致。你不能保证一致性（例如，一个移动设备使用的数据处理V1.0和另一个使用v1.1），你必须保证不同的结果之间的相容性。系统必须允许这一。

InfoQ: What is the vision that Couchbase follows when we think of a connected world in the future? What will data storage, processing and communication look like in five years? How will this scenario impact our work as architects and developers and how will it feel like from a user’s point of few?
InfoQ：什么是视觉，Couchbase如下当我们想到一个连接世界的未来？数据存储、处理和交流在五年中会有什么样的？如何将这种情况影响到我们的工作，作为建筑师和开发人员，以及如何将感觉像从用户的点？

We are solving the data storage, transport, and security concerns at
every layer of the application stack - all in a single integrated data
platform. 我们正在解决应用程序堆栈的每一层中的数据存储、传输和安全问题-所有在一个单一的集成数据平台中。 More and
more, users will be reliant on their devices for everything. With that
in mind and to my point above, architects and developers must design
applications that will always work. Networks are not and will never be
ubiquitous, but it will be an expectation that applications (mobile,
IoT, etc.) will always work.
越来越多的用户将依赖于他们的设备。有了这一点，我的观点，建筑师和开发商必须设计的应用程序，将永远工作。网络并不是不可能无处不在，但它将是一个期望，应用（移动，物联网等）将永远工作。
We also think NoSQL will play a much larger role in mobile going
forward. Today, mobile developers know about NoSQL, they know it
exists, somewhat understand the value but they haven’t been exposed to
it in a big way yet. (NoSQL has traditionally been a server-side
technology). However, we’re beginning to see a trend in the market
with all the newest mobile database technologies being some form of
NoSQL (e.g. Couchbase Mobile, Google Firebase, Parse, Amazon Cognito,
etc).
我们也认为NoSQL将移动向前发展发挥更大的作用。今天，移动开发者了解NoSQL，他们知道它的存在，有些了解的价值却没有接触过那么大呢。（NoSQL是一个传统的服务器端技术）。然而，我们开始与所有最新的移动数据库技术的某些形式的NoSQL在市场上看到的一个趋势（例如Couchbase手机，谷歌发，解析，亚马逊Cognito，等）。
Synchronization technologies will also play a big role in resolving
the transport concerns of the distributed system. With apps needing to
provide more and more offline functionality, they’re going to need a
technology that enables this. Synchronization is what allows for that.
There’s no way to get around it - mobile developers will have to learn
and get comfortable with this new technology to power application in
our growing distributed world.
同步技术在解决分布式系统的传输问题方面也发挥了重要作用。随着应用程序需要提供越来越多的离线功能，他们将需要一个技术，使这。同步是允许的。有没有办法绕过它-移动开发人员必须学习和舒适的这一新技术应用于我们不断增长的分布式世界。

Couchbase and Couchbase Mobile - including Sync Gateway and Couchbase Lite for mobile devices - can be downloaded free of charge as a community edition for several platforms including Linux, Mac and Windows on servers and iOS, Android, Java and more for devices. There are also client libraries for .Net, Java, Node.js and others and the possibility to integrate Couchbase with Hadoop, Elasticsearch, Spring and Solr via plugins.

Couchbase和Couchbase手机包括移动设备同步网关和Couchbase精简版可以免费为几个平台包括Linux社区版下载，Mac和Windows服务器和iOS、Android、Java和更多的设备。也有客户库的.NET，Java，Node.js和其他的可能性，Couchbase Hadoop Elasticsearch整合，通过插件和Solr的春天。

Pricing for enterprise versions with additional features and support can be requested via Couchbase’s website.
具有附加功能和支持企业版本定价可以要求通过Couchbase的网站。

关于作者

Wayne Carter, Chief Architect of Mobile, Couchbase Wayne is the Chief Architect of Mobile at Couchbase, where he is responsible for leading vision, strategy and development for the company’s mobile solutions. Before Couchbase, Wayne spent 7 years at Oracle as the Architect responsible for driving mobile innovation within the CRM and SAAS product lines. He has 10 patents and patents pending from his work there. Prior to Oracle, Wayne held technical leadership positions at Siebel working on their CRM product line.
韦恩卡特，首席设计师couchbase韦恩是移动，移动在couchbase首席架构师，他是负责在领先的愿景，战略和发展为公司的移动解决方案。在couchbase花了7年，韦恩在Oracle作为架构师负责创新驱动移动在CRM和SaaS产品线。嘿，安切洛蒂和他的10个专利的专利待定从那里工作。Oracle技术之前，Wayne在英雄的领导位置，Siebel的CRM产品线工作。
Ali LeClerc, Product Marketing Manager, Mobile, Couchbase Ali is the Product Marketing Manager for Couchbase Mobile, where she manages and executes the worldwide marketing strategy for their mobile products. She joined Couchbase in 2011 to drive open source product adoption and awareness. Prior to Couchbase, Ali held marketing positions at Time Warner. She holds a degree from Yale University in Political Science.
阿里勒克莱尔，产品营销经理，couchbase阿里是移动，移动的couchbase产品营销经理，她在《全球营销战略executes manages和为他们的移动产品。她在2011年加入到驱动couchbase收养和开源产品的意识。现有位置在英雄couchbase阿里营销时代华纳。她持有学士学位和耶鲁大学的政治学。