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2022-05-10T09:08:20.000000Z
字数 15736
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已定稿
A humble Chinese illiterate who lived out the essence of Tao Te Ching and was worshipped by Americans. (Source: Rumi Sufi Cultural Society)
一个卑微的中国文盲，活出了《道德经》的精髓，让美国人崇拜不已（来源:鲁米苏非文化学会）。
In 2007, the world-famous Columbia University in the United States launched a missing person notice, looking for a Chinese from more than 100 years ago. Almost overnight, the whole world began to look for this Chinese man, and CCTV also joined in.
2007年，闻名世界的美国哥伦比亚大学发起一则寻人启事，他们要寻找的，是一个100多年前的中国人。几乎一夜之间，全世界都开始寻找这个中国人，中央电视台也加入其中。
It cannot help but wonder who this Chinese man is, and why he touches the heartstrings of countless people and is worth looking for around the world by taking a lot of trouble.
这不禁令人好奇，这个中国人到底是何方神圣，为何拨动了无数人的心弦，值得全世界大费周折寻找？
This man is Dean Lung. He was born in Guangdong in 1857. At a time when China was in a state of internal and external strife, many Chinese were forced to flee abroad to make a living or to be trafficked into foreign labor, and he was one of the latter. When he was only 18 years old, he was trafficked into the United States as a "piglet", where he became the servant of a general, the famous Carpentier in the United States.
这个人叫丁龙，1857年，他生在广东，那时的中国内忧外患、江山飘摇，内外交困的时局，让许多中国人都不得不逃往海外谋生，或是被贩卖到外国充当劳工，而他便是后者。年仅18岁时，他就被当成“猪仔”被贩卖到了美国，成为了一个将军的家仆，这个将军就是美国大名鼎鼎的卡朋蒂埃。
Carpentier graduated from the world-renowned Columbia University. He founded the Bank of California and became its president. After accumulating a lot of assets, he built a brand-new city, named "Auckland", and made himself mayor, and then successively built schools, wharves, breakwaters, docks and so on. He owned a large number of shares of the Central Pacific Railway Company. At the same time, he was also the president of the California Telegraph Company and the Overland Telegraph Company. He had also served in the California National Self-defense Force. He was respected as "General" in the United States.
卡朋蒂埃毕业于世界名校哥伦比亚大学，他创办了加州银行，成为该行总裁。在他积累大量资产后，建造了一座全新的城市，命名为“奥克兰”，自封为市长，后又相继建造了学校、码头、防波堤、船坞等。他拥有中太平洋铁路公司的大量股票，同时又是加州电报公司和欧弗兰电报公司的总裁，他还曾在加利福尼亚州国民自卫队服务，他在美国被人们尊称为“将军”。
At that time, the United States was building the main railway line in California in full swing to further develop the west. Chinese workers were the main force in the construction of the Pacific Railway. Carpentier hired a large number of Chinese workers, and Ding Long was one of them. He was responsible for cooking and daily affairs for Carpentier. Although Carpentier was successful, he regarded money as his life, had a hot temper and lived alone all his life. When he was unhappy, he beat and scolded the servants. One day, Carpentier was in a bad mood, drank a lot of wine and scolded the servants, and said on the spot that he would fire everyone, including Dean Lung.
当时美国为进一步开发西部而在加州进行如火如荼的铁路大干线建设，华人劳工是修建太平洋铁路的主力军，卡朋雇佣了一大批华工，而丁龙就是其中的一个，他负责为卡朋做饭以及打理日常事务。卡朋虽然成功，但视财如命、脾气暴躁、一生独居，一不开心就对仆人又打又骂，有一天卡朋心情不好喝了很多酒对仆人破口大骂还当场说要解雇所有人包括丁龙。
The other servants had long been dissatisfied with Carpentier and took this advantage of opportunity to leave one after another. The next morning, after sobering up, Carpentier realized that he had lost his temper and made a mistake. He knew the trouble he would face and was ready to go hungry. But to Carpentier's surprise, Dean Lung not only didn't leave, but also served him a delicious breakfast as usual. Carpentier was surprised and asked: "Why don't you leave like them?"
其他仆人早就对卡朋心生不满，趁着这个机会都纷纷离开了。次日清晨，酒醒后的卡朋意识到自己脾气失控犯了错，他知道自己所将面临的麻烦，也已经做好了挨饿的准备。但此时出乎卡朋意料的是丁龙不仅没有离开还像往常一样为他端上了美味的早餐卡朋惊讶地问：你为何不和他们一样离开？
Dean Lung said indifferently: "Although you do have a bad temper, I think you are a good man after all. In addition, according to the teachings of Confucius, I can't leave you suddenly. Confucius in China once said: people should be loyal when entrusted by others.
丁龙淡泊地说：虽然你确实脾气很坏但我认为你毕竟是个好人,另外根据孔子的教诲我也不能这样突然离开你,中国的孔夫子曾说过：受人之托忠人之事人要忠心。
The General was even more surprised. He thought his servant was a cultural man and said: "Confucius was a great sage in China thousands of years ago. I didn't know you could still read ancient Chinese books and understand the Tao of sages in China.
这位将军更惊异了他以为自己的仆人是文化人说道：孔子是中国几千年前的大圣人我不知道你还能读中国古书懂你们中国的圣人之道。
Unexpectedly, Dean Lung replied: "I can't read. This is what my father told me." Carpentier thought his father was a cultural man and said: "Although you can't read, your father is a scholar."
没想到丁龙回答说：我不识字,不读书,是我父亲讲给我听的。卡朋又以为他的父亲是个文化人说道：你虽不读书但父亲却是一名学者。
Dean Lung hurriedly replied: "No, my father can't read, either. This is what my grandfather told him. My grandfather couldn't read, either. This is what my great grandfather told him. And I don't know the ancestors further before. In short, I come from a peasant family who had no school education.
丁龙又急忙回答：不是,我父亲也不识字不读书，是我祖父讲给他听的。连我祖父也不识字不读书，是我曾祖父讲给他听的。再上面我也不清楚，总之我家都是不读书的种田汉出身。
The American General was completely shocked. He had not expected that an uneducated Chinese like Dean Lung would have such a simple and honest heart, excellent character and loyal behavior. From then on, the master and servant never abandoned each other and got along like close friends.
这位美国将军彻底被震撼了他没想到丁龙这样没受过教育的中国人竟有这样一颗纯朴正直的内心、卓越的品格和忠诚的行为。从此主仆二人不离不弃相处似知己。
Dean Lung was diligent and frugal, loyal to the lord, and never married. In his later years, his accumulated work income became an enviable deposit.
丁龙克勤克俭，忠诚侍主，终生未娶。到了晚年，他积攒下来的工作所得成了一笔令人惊羡的存款。
When he was about to retire, he asked Carpentier for his resignation. Carpentier was reluctant to part with the servant who had contributed for most of his life. In order to repay and appreciate Ding Long's care for him, Carpentier said he was willing to fulfill his long- cherished wish and asked him if he needed any help before he left.
即将退休之时，他向卡朋请辞。卡朋对这个为自己贡献了大半生的仆人恋恋不舍，为报答和感念丁龙对他的照顾，卡朋说愿了其夙愿，问他临走前还有什么需要帮助？
But to Carpentier's surprise, Dean Lung's long-cherished wish was not to apply for a rich pension, nor to improve his life and change his status, but to ask Carpentier to donate all the hard-earned money he had saved all his life to Columbia University in the United States, and ask the university to establish a department of Sinology to study the culture of his motherland, so that Americans could understand China!
但让卡朋意外的是，丁龙的夙愿不是申求一笔丰硕的养老金，也不是改善生活 改变地位，而是：请卡朋出面把他终生一分一分积攒的血汗钱全部捐献给美国的哥伦比亚大学请求这所大学能建立一个汉学系来研究他祖国的文化让美国人能了解中国！
That was a year of suffering for China. It was just that year when the Qing government was forced to sign the Xin Chou Treaty, which promised huge compensation of one tael (50grams) silver for each of the 400 million Chinese. The Chinese were looked down upon by Westerners, and the wave of Chinese exclusion was higher than ever.
那一年正是中国的苦难年，就是在这一年，清政府被迫签下《辛丑条约》，承诺四亿中国人每人一两白银的巨额赔款。中国人被西方人更是瞧不起，排华声潮一浪高过一浪。
And this humble Chinese servant became the rare glory of the Chinese people in this gray year with his extraordinary initiatives and acts.
而这个卑微的中国仆人以自己不同凡响的举措成了这个灰色年份属于中国人的稀有光彩。
With a lofty ideal in mind, he hoped that Americans could understand the ancient culture and traditions of the Chinese nation and come to know more about Chinese people and events.
他怀着一个崇高的理想希望美国人能了解中华民族的古老文化和传统能更多地去知道一些中国的人和事。
Dean Lung believed that the United States, which understood Chinese culture, would surely respect this great country with 5000 years of civilization. The most direct and effective way for Americans to understand China was to set up a Chinese Sinology department in a famous American university.
丁龙相信：理解了中国文化的美国一定会尊重这个有着五千年文明的伟大国家。而能让美国人了解中国最直接最有效的方法就是在一所美国名校里开办中国的汉学系。
At that time, the $12,000 he had saved in his life was almost equivalent to one million dollars now. Whether staying in the United States or returning home, he could live a rich life with this money. But he did not plan for his own future at all. His heart was only thinking about changing the fate of the Chinese in the United States and making Americans understand and respect Chinese.
他用一生艰难积攒的1.2万美元，按当时的价值几乎相当于现在的百万美金。不管是留美还是回国他都能借此过上富庶的日子，但他全然没有为自己的前程去谋划，内心只想着：改变在美华人的命运，让美国人理解并去尊重我们中国人。
Carpentier didn't say anything more, but his inner feeling and moving were extraordinary. He was greatly touched again by this Chinese servant in front of him. With deep respect, he decided to help him as much as he could.
卡朋没有再说什么，但内心的感悟和感动非同一般。他对眼前这位中国仆人再次刮目相看，内心怀着一种深深的敬意，他决定尽其所能帮助他。
However, this lovely and noble great wish was beset by a slew of practical difficulties. Dean Lung's money to build a department of a famous university was only a drop in the bucket.
然而这个美好而高贵的伟大愿望却面临着具体实现的重重困难。丁龙这笔钱要建一个名校的系科只是杯水车薪。
Columbia University is one of the earliest and most humanistic universities in the United States. There were nearly 100 Nobel prizes awarded for its teachers and students. With a high and unparalleled status in the world, it was by no means easy to create the first Sinology major in this school. Coupled with the prevalence of Chinese exclusion in the United States at that time, how could a famous American university meet the wishes of a humble Chinese worker?
哥伦比亚大学是美国创办最早和最具人文传统的大学之一，仅出自这所学校师生的诺贝尔奖就有近百个。地位极高，举世无双，要在这所学校首创汉学专业绝非易事。再加上美国当时排华风气盛行，一所美国名牌大学如何能满足一个身份卑微的华人劳工的心愿呢？
But Dean Lung was not discouraged. He sincerely wrote to the President of Columbia University:
Mr.President
Columbia University,
Sir, I send you herewith a deposit check for $12,000 as a contribution to the fund for Chinese learning in your university.
The signature was: “Dean Lung, a Chinese Person”.
但是丁龙并没有就此气馁，他诚挚地给哥伦比亚大学校长写了这样一封信：哥伦比亚大学校长先生：我谨此奉上一万二千美元现金支票作为对贵校中国学研究基金的捐款。落款是：丁龙一个中国人。
At that time, all Americans who knew this matter were very confused about what this Chinese did, and only Carpentier, who knew him best, knew what kind of person he was. In Carpentier's mind, Dean Lung was a pagan. He said:
当时所有知道这件事的美国人都很疑惑这个中国人的所作所为，而只有最了解他的卡朋，知道他究竟是怎样的一个人。在卡朋心里，丁龙是异教徒般的存在，他说：
"Yes, he is a pagan, just as Socrates, Lucretius and Epicteta were all pagans. This is a rare man who is consistent in appearance and in deed, moderate, thoughtful, brave and benevolent. In nature and acquired education, he is a disciple of Confucius. In behavior, he is like a Puritan, in faith, he is a Buddhist, but in character, he is like a Christian. "
“不错，他是一个异教徒，正像苏格拉底、留克利希阿斯、艾皮克蒂塔也都是异教徒一样。这是一个罕有的表里一致、中庸有度、虑事周全、勇敢且仁慈的人，在天性和后天教育上他是孔夫子的信徒，在行为上他像一个清教徒，在信仰上他是一个佛教徒，但在性格上他则像一个基督徒。”
Dean Lung was almost written as a perfect person by him, and the image of a convincing Chinese leaped onto the paper. Then Carpentier wrote a letter to the president:
For more than 50 years, I have saved a sum of money from my bill for drinking whisky and smoking, and the money goes with this letter. With sincere pleasure, I will offer you to prepare for the establishment of a department of Chinese language, literature, religion and law, and wish you to name it after Professor Dean Lung's Lecture on Sinology.
丁龙几乎被他写成了完美的人,一个令人折服的中国人形象跃然纸上。之后卡朋也给校长写了封信：五十多年以来我从喝威士忌和抽烟草的账单里省出一笔钱，这笔钱随此信奉上。我以诚悦之心情，将之献予您去筹建一个中国语言、文学、宗教和法律的系科，并愿您以丁龙汉学教授讲座为之命名。
The only condition of this donation is that my name does not have to be mentioned, but I would like to maintain the right to make additional grants in the future ...
这个捐赠是无条件的唯一的条件是不必提及我的名字但是我还想保持今后再追加赠款的权利……
2)
But when the president of Columbia University got the donation, he was uneasy about whether he should accept it from the Chinese. The president wrote to Carpentier asking about Dean Lung's identity. This completely aroused the righteous indignation of the upright general, and Carpentier replied excitedly:
可哥大的校长拿到捐赠后，对是否应该接受中国人的善款忐忑不安。校长写信给卡朋，质询丁龙的身份问题。这彻底激起了这位正直将军的义愤，卡朋激动地回复道：
There is no problem with Dean Lung's identity. He is not a myth, but a real person, and the story is true. And I can say that among the people I was lucky to meet who were born into humble but noble natural gentlemen, if there was someone who was kind and never hurt others, he would be one of them.
丁龙的身份没有任何问题。他不是一个神话而是真人真事，而且我可以这样说，在我有幸所遇出身寒微但却生性高贵的天生绅士性格的人中，如果真有那种天性善良从不伤害别人的人，他就是一个。
With the help of General Carpentier, Dean Lung's long -cherished wish succeeded. As soon as the news of setting up a Sinology department for the Chinese in a famous American university came out, it immediately caused a sensation in the United States. When the news reached China on the other side of the ocean, Empress Dowager Cixi was deeply moved and donated more than 5000 precious books in person. Li Hongzhang and Wu Tingfang, the Qing envoys to the United States, also donated.
在卡朋将军的助力下，丁龙的夙愿成功了。为中国人在美国名校设立汉学系的消息一传出，就立刻轰动了全美。消息传到大洋彼岸的中国，慈禧太后听闻后也深为感动，并亲自捐赠了五千余册珍贵图书。李鸿章和清朝驻美使臣伍廷芳等人亦都有所捐助。
Later, the president of Columbia University proposed to Carpentier that the honor of lecture professor of Sinology should be named after either Carpentier or Zhang Xueliang. After all, Dean Lung was far from them in terms of status and reputation.
之后哥大的校长又跟卡朋提议，汉学讲座教授的荣誉，希望能用卡朋的名字命名，或者用张学良的名字，毕竟跟他们相比丁龙无论是地位还是名声都相差甚远。
But Carpentier insisted on using Dean Lung's name, or he would withdraw his capital. With a lot of hard work, the Department of Sinology at Columbia University was finally completed, and this department of Sinology is today the world-famous Department of East Asia at Columbia University.
但卡朋却坚持必须用丁龙的名义否则他就撤资。在一番艰苦的努力下终于哥伦比亚大学的汉学系建成了而这个汉学系就是今天闻名世界的哥伦比亚大学东亚系。
After that, these famous figures in China came out from here: Hu Shi, Feng Youlan, Xu Zhimo, Song Ziwen, Ma Yinchu, Tao Xingzhi, Chen Hengzhe, Pan Guangdan, Wen Yiduo and so on. Here, someone translated the English version of A Dream of Red Mansions. Here, Zhang Xueliang's log is kept. Here, Li Zongren and Zhang Guotao left precious first-hand oral records...
之后，从这里走出了中国这些赫赫有名的人物：胡适、冯友兰、徐志摩、宋子文、马寅初、陶行知、陈衡哲、潘光旦、闻一多等等。在这里有人翻译了《红楼梦》英文版,在这里保存着张学良的日志,在这里李宗仁、张国焘都留下了珍贵的第一手口述实录......
It can be said that the brilliance of the literary history of the Republic of China comes from the Department of East Asia. Without the Department of East Asia, the brilliance of the literature of the Republic of China will be half dimmed.
可以说民国文学史的璀璨辉煌都来自于东亚系，如果没有东亚系，民国文学的光辉将会黯淡一半。
Today, the Sinology Lecture, named after Dean Lung, is still the top academic palace in the world for studying Chinese culture.
时至今日以丁龙名字命名的汉学讲座仍然是全球研究中国文化的顶级学术殿堂。
During the preparation for the establishment of the Sinology Department at that time, Columbia University reached out to Carpentier in every detail. Carpentier's donation to the Department of Sinology was later increased to US 400,000 to build the law school building, but he refused, because only the Department of Sinology could touch his heart.
当时汉学系筹建的过程中，哥大事无巨细都向卡朋伸手。卡朋为办汉学系的捐赠，后来一直追加到50万美金，相当于今天的8.3亿人民币。1903年，为建法律学院大楼，哥大校长向他索捐40万美元，而他却拒绝了，因为能够打动他心的只有汉学系。
Moved by Dean Lung, Carpentier later donated a lot of money to other universities to popularize Chinese culture and education, such as the University of California, where Chinese live. From then on, this powerful General transformed into a philanthropist and a sponsor of education. For the rest of his life, he continued to give additional funds to the Sinology Department of Columbia University, donated scholarships of various names, and even donated his own house in New York.
受丁龙感动,卡朋之后还为其他大学普及中国文化教育捐助了大量的钱财,如华人聚居地的加州大学。从此,这个叱咤风云的将军转型成了慈善家和教育事业的赞助人。在他的余生里不断地给哥大汉学系追加经费，并捐献了各种名目的奖学金，甚至还捐献出了自己在纽约的住房。
Because of Dean Lung, he has a very special feelings for China, at that time, he angrily attacked the atrocities of the United States in ravaging Chinese and the injustice of persecuting Chinese of the passed Act of Congress. He also came to Guangdong, China many times during his lifetime and donated US $25,000 to Boji Medical School in Guangzhou. Boji Medical College, founded in 1866, is the earliest western medicine school in China, where Sun Yat -sen once studied medicine and engaged in revolutionary activities.
因为丁龙他对中国有着极其特别的情感,当时他曾愤怒抨击美国蹂躏华人的暴行以及国会法案通过迫害华人的不义。他生前还曾多次来到中国广东，并向广州的博济医学堂捐款2.5万美元。博济医学堂成立于1866年，是中国最早设立的西医学府，孙中山曾在此学医和从事革命活动。
Because of Dean Lung, Carpentier, who once regarded wealth as his life, donated countless sums of money all his life, even put himself on the verge of bankruptcy, and had to return to a small town to live. However, he still endured the hardships of travel to call for, only to meet the precious wish of this Chinese servant. This was a tragic donation.
因为丁龙，曾经视财如命的卡朋一生捐款无数，甚至使得自己濒临破产，不得不回到一座小镇居住，但他仍然风尘仆仆，奔走呼号，只为满足中国仆人这个珍贵的愿望，这是一场堪称悲壮的捐赠。
However, Dean Lung, who achieved such great success, then lived in seclusion. People can no longer know anything about him. Although this ordinary person has disappeared, his brilliant light is still shining on the world.
而成就如此大事的丁龙，之后就云逸杳遁了，关于他的一切，人们再也无从得知......这位凡人虽然消失了但他发出的璀璨光辉却仍在照耀人世。
After that, countless people followed his example and contributed to the great cause of promoting Chinese culture and the exchange of Chinese and Western civilizations. There was once a mainland entrepreneur, who was impressed by Dean Lung's deeds, donated to the East Asia Library at Columbia University and established relevant funds.
之后有无数人效仿他，为弘扬中国文化、为中西文明交流的伟业添砖加瓦。曾经就有一位大陆企业家，为丁龙事迹所感，捐款哥伦比亚大学的东亚图书馆，并建立了相关基金。
A well- known religious charity in Hong Kong, thousands of miles away, also donated Si Ku Quan Shu Hui Yao (The Complete Library in Four Divisions). Hundreds of volumes of precious Chinese cultural treasures, with the wisdom and philosophies of the ancient sages, are used to enlighten today's students at Columbia University to bring peace to the world.
香港著名的宗教慈善机构，亦万里迢迢捐助《四库全书荟要》。数百卷珍贵的中华文化宝典，用古圣先贤的智慧和哲思，来启迪今日哥大的学子德泽人类世界和平。
The seeds, planted by Dean Lung, a small fry a hundred years ago, have grown into towering trees in the long river of history.
百年前的小人物丁龙埋下的种子在历史的长河中长成了参天大树。
A servant in a humble position could have made a name for himself and his ancestors, but he chose to remain anonymous and indifferent to fame and wealth. Such a soul, such a vision, such a spirit! Looking at the whole of Chinese history, how many people can compete with it?
一个地位卑微的仆人，本可以借此扬名立万、光宗耀祖，但他却选择隐姓埋名，淡泊名利。这样的灵魂，这样的视野，这样的精神，放眼整个中国历史，能有几人可与之匹敌？
As commented in the missing person notice: Dean Lung donated money, but more importantly, he contributed his vision and ideals.
正如寻人启事中所评价的：丁龙捐出来的是钱，而更重要的是贡献了他的视野和理想。
(翻译:蔡金城 2022/04/18)
校对：Koala 2022/05/03
审阅：Nina 2022/05/05