快乐的本质和真实的自由（2）

快乐与自由

第2章 心理上的痛苦

心理上的痛苦主要有三大类：求不得苦、爱别离苦、和怨憎会苦。

第一种，求不得苦
当一个人贪着或者贪爱一样东西，很想得到它，在得到它之前，必须克制住自己的欲望。会有一种苦，叫求不得苦。这种贪着心，或者贪爱心越强烈，这种求不得苦就会越强烈。

例如，一个人参加体育比赛，想赢的欲求，就是求不得苦。好胜心越强，这种苦就越强。比赛的时候，就会越紧张，如果比赛输了，就会郁郁寡欢，只能忍耐着这种痛苦，等待下一次比赛。这种求不得苦可能会激励着他刻苦训练。
又如，一个人想要一个自己的房子，这个求不得苦就一直伴随着他，他耗费心血、竭尽努力，还是没有攒够钱，房子又涨价了，
人类现在求不得苦是最多最多的，没有房子想要房子，有了房子想要豪宅，有了一栋豪宅想要更多的豪宅，
没有车想要车，有了车想要豪车，有了一辆豪车，想要更多的豪车，甚至想要买飞机，还有那个马斯克正在准备移民火星。
衣食住行，人类的欲求越多，求不得苦就越多，欲求越强烈，求不得苦就越强烈。
求不得苦还会伴随着其他负面的情绪，如忧愁、悲伤、自卑、嫉妒、抱怨等等各种忧苦。
第二种，就是爱别离苦
是指所亲爱之人，以某种因缘互相离别，不得共处，由此产生极大苦楚。还有自己喜爱的物品，丢失、或者被损坏，也会产生极大的苦楚。
人世间，因谈恋爱，彼此有了很深的感情执著。如果因为客观的原因分离，便会暴发强烈的忧苦，执著愈深，离别愈苦。那种牵肠挂肚、撕心裂肺，都是由情执引发——人有情执，便有大苦。
如果是有一方移情别恋，可能就会由爱生恨，产生强烈的嗔恨心，或者报复心，有自杀的，也有杀对方的。这种因情而杀人的案件，在人类谋杀案件当中所占比例排名第二。
恩爱的人如果有一方离世，另一方也会悲痛欲绝，有些人甚至会郁郁寡欢而死。
一个人如果有爱不释手的物品，被损坏以后，非常的痛苦，会对损坏者产生强烈的嗔恨心。如果是自己不小心丢失，也会产生强烈的懊悔，非常难受。

The Essence of Happiness and the True Freedom (2) 大写H
Chapter 2 Psychological Suffering

There are three main types of psychological suffering:
The Suffering of Not Getting What One Wants,
The Suffering of Separation from the Pleasant, 多了个空格，去掉了
and The Suffering of Association with the Unpleasant.

First, The Suffering of Not Getting What One Wants. 逗号后多了个空格，what前少了个空格
When a person is greedy for something and wants to have it, that person must restrain their impulses before getting it. This is a suffering referred to as the bitterness of not getting what one wants. The stronger the greed, the deeper the suffering.

For example, when a person participates in a sports competition, the desire to win is The Suffering of lack Not Getting What One Wants. The stronger the competitive spirit, the more bitter the feeling will be. That person will be under additional anxiety during the game. If that they lose the game, the feeling of distress may arise. That person can only endure this pain and wait for the next game. The bitterness of lack dwelling within Not Getting What One Wants may motivate them to train harder.
Another example could be a person who wants a house of their own; the bitterness of not having what someone wants is always looming over his shoulder. That person puts all their efforts into it, however, still doesn’t have enough money for a house, meanwhile the price of the house may raise later.
This type of suffering is the most common （去掉suffering of） among human beings. Those who do not own a house want one, those who possess a house, dream to buy a luxury mansion, and those who have a mansion want more mansions.

Those Some people who don’t have a car wish for a car, and then a luxury car, and later even more luxury cars; the desire may even intensify into wanting a plane. Well Meanwhile, Elon Musk is preparing himself to immigrate to Mars.
For the basic necessities of life such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, the more desires one has, the more intense the lack of self-fulfilment.
The suffering of not getting what one wants will be accompanied by other negative emotions, such as sorrow, sadness, low self-esteem, jealousy, complaining and so on.

Second, is The Suffering of Separation from the Pleasant

When a loving pair is separated from one another for some reason, this will cause great suffering. When a person loses their favourite item or it becomes damaged, it can also bring forth the great suffering.
In this life, people have loving affection and develop attachments to each other. If due to some objective reasons separation occurs, intense sorrow will erupt. The deeper the attachment, the more painful the separation. The heart is torn apart, this feeling is rooted in love affection that brings attachments—people who have affectionate attachments will have great suffering.

If one in the couple shifts their love for another, the other may feel betrayed and their love may turn into hatred; this may result in vengeful acts. That person may consider to commit suicide, or they may kill. This kind of love affair ranks second in all compared to all murder cases.
The passing of a partner in a loving relationship will bring dismay to the surviving partner. Some may contemplate the fact of death in a mind extremely filled with sorrow.
If someone has something they absolutely adore, it will be painful for them if it is damaged; they may also hold a grudge against anyone who has caused damage to it. Likewise, by accident, if someone has lost something dear to them, they may feel regret and tormented.

第三种，怨憎会苦
与怨家相遇，时时担心、处处提防，生怕什么时候自己被怨敌伤害、打击、暗算，甚至以此丧命。即使程度轻微的，偏与不喜欢的人不得不呆在一起，也非常苦恼。
人和人之间之所以产生怨恨，也是因为有一方偷窃、骗取或者强抢对方贪爱的物品，或者打、骂、杀对方或者对方贪爱的人或动物。或者有一方诽谤、谩骂、诬陷另一方。

（以下蓝色部分，请念慢一点）
由此可知，怨憎会苦也是由贪着和贪爱引发的。
总之，求不得苦，爱别离苦，和怨憎会苦，都是心理上的痛苦，这三种痛苦，主要是由贪着、贪爱，贪欲，甚至是贪婪而引发的。

痛苦的来源是贪欲，痛苦的本质是贪欲得不到满足。贪欲越强烈，痛苦就会来的越猛烈。
痛苦产生的时候是苦，痛苦持续的时候是苦，痛苦缓解或者是解除的过程，产生的感受本质上还是苦，但是人类却把这种感受叫快乐。其实，痛苦的缓解或者解除过程，产生的感受，并没有另外一种叫“乐”的感受存在，这是人类心理上的误区。我们把这种苦的感受叫做变苦，也就是说，人类称其为快乐的感受，本质上是变苦。
如果痛苦的缓解停止了，所谓的“快乐”的感受也就没有了。变苦也就停止了，这时，痛苦虽然减轻了，但是呢，痛苦还是在持续，直到痛苦完全解除，变苦也就终止了。这是一种既没有变苦也没有痛苦的状态。

Third, The Suffering of Association with the Unpleasant

When encountering an opponent in their presence, that person may begin to feel paranoid and guarded in fear of being hurt, attacked, plotted against, or even killed by the opposer. Even if it may be slight the degree Even if there is a slight degree for which someone may dislike another, distress will arise.

The reason for ressentiment between various individuals is usually due to thieving; that is, an individual may defraud or rob someone of item that another values. He may also have beaten, scolded, or killed the other individuals beloved one or pet.
One person may also slander, abuse, or frame, another. 去掉逗号。

(The blue part below, please read slowly)
This shows that The Suffering of Association with the Unpleasant is also rooted in greed and desire.
In short, The Suffering of Not Getting What （去掉了一个空格） One Wants, The Suffering of Separation from the Pleasant , and The Suffering of Association with the Unpleasant are all psychological sufferings. These three kinds of sufferings are mainly caused by greed, desire, and insatiableness.

The source of suffering is greed, and the essence of suffering is the unsatisfied greed. The stronger the greed, the more vigorous the suffering will become.
When suffering occurs it is bitter, and when suffering persists it is even more bitter. During the process of suffering, relief, or elevation, the result is still bitterness in itself; however, human beings call this feeling happiness. In fact, there is no other feeling that arises other than that of ‘lè’ (happiness); the process of relief from suffering, this is a misconception brought by human psychology. We refer to this painful feeling as the transition to The Suffering of Change. Unknowingly, humans call it a happy feeling; in reality it is The Suffering of Change.
If the relief of bitterness is ceased, the so-called ‘kuài lè’ (happiness) will cease. Suffering will also cease. At this time, although the suffering is relieved, it continues to exist until it has completely vanished. Subsequently, the transition to bitterness will end. It is a state of neither transitioning to bitterness nor bitterness itself.