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@zhongdao 2018-04-21T15:58:03.000000Z 字数 13864 阅读 4990

Ubuntu 16.04下的Mattermost安装配置


前言

包括3个版本

Mattermost 架构

image_1cbh5uomu16c8hji16pomuv17k69.png-159.1kB

软件要求

客户端软件

PC Web

PC:Windows 7,Windows 8,带IE 11 *的Windows 10,Chrome 43+,Firefox 52+和Edge 40+(或EdgeHTML v15 +)
Mac:OS 10(Safari 9,Chrome 43+)
Linux:Arch 4.0.0(Chrome 43+)
*不支持IE 11 Compatiblity View。

手机 App

iPhone 4s及更高版本与iOS 9+
搭载Android 5+的Android设备

手机 Web

iPhone 4s及更高版本(iOS 9+以上的Safari,Chrome 43+以上)
Android 5及更高版本(Chrome 43+)

服务器软件

Mattermost服务器操作系统
Ubuntu 14.04,Ubuntu 16.04,Debian Jessie,CentOS 6.6+,CentOS 7.1+,RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.6+,RedHat Enterprise Linux 7.1+,Oracle Linux 6.6+,Oracle Linux 7.1+
在兼容Docker的操作系统上使用Mattermost Docker镜像(仍建议使用基于Linux的操作系统)
虽然社区支持Fedora,FreeBSD和Arch Linux,但Mattermost目前不包括对这些平台的生产支持。

数据库软件

MySQL 5.6+
PostgreSQL 9.4+
需要使用中文,日文和韩文进行搜索的部署需要MySQL 5.7.6+以及配置ngram全文分析器。对于搜索两个字符,你还需要设置ft_min_word_len并innodb_ft_min_token_size以2和重启MySQL。详情请参阅CJK讨论。

硬件配置与支撑能力

基于用户行为,CPU,RAM和存储空间的使用可能会有很大差异。对于大于500个用户的部署,在推出全面服务之前,强烈建议大型组织进行小型试用部署,来测试其代表性的使用模式。

硬件大小为团队部署
大多数中小型Mattermost团队可以部署在单台服务器上,并且基于以下规格的注册用户规模:

备注:
1. 内存要求很大程度上是由文件共享活动高峰所致。建议基于默认50 MB最大文件大小,可以从系统控制台进行调整。更改此数字可能会改变内存要求。
2. 较大的部署应根据代表全面使用情况估算利用率。
3. 存储建议基于存储3年的档案文件共享。
4. 可以使用固态驱动器(SSD)代替磁盘存储以获得更高的并发性。

快速docker一步安装试用

安装

  1. sudo apt install docker
  2. docker run --name mattermost-preview -d --publish 8065:8065 mattermost/mattermost-preview

访问

访问 http://p2pnet.club:8065/
注意:不是https

停止docker并删除镜像

Stop and remove all docker containers and images
List all containers (only IDs)

  1. docker ps -aq.

Stop all running containers.

  1. docker stop $(docker ps -aq)

Remove all containers.

  1. docker rm $(docker ps -aq)

Remove all images.

  1. docker rmi $(docker images -q)

正式安装配置 Mattermost

Installing Mattermost on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

用于生产环境的Mattermost系统可以安装在1到3台机器上。
一个完整的安装包括3个组件:代理服务器(proxy server), 数据库服务器,Mattermost服务器。 可以将所有组件都安装在1台机器上,也可以分别装在每个单独的机器上。如果是2个机器,则数据库可以单独装1台。

主要安装步骤:
Installing Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS
Installing MySQL Database Server/Installing PostgreSQL Database Server
Installing Mattermost Server
Configuring Mattermost Server/Configuring TLS on Mattermost Server
Installing NGINX Server
Configuring NGINX as a proxy for Mattermost Server
Configuring NGINX with SSL and HTTP/2

安装与更新 Ubuntu Server 16.04:

更新升级ubuntu,补上最新的补丁,确保安全。

  1. sudo apt-get update
  2. sudo apt-get upgrade

安装 MySQL Database Server

  1. sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Set password: admin123~~

Log in to MySQL as root.

  1. mysql -u root -p
  2. mysql> create user 'mmuser'@'%' identified by 'mmuser-password';
  3. mysql> create database mattermost;
  4. mysql> grant all privileges on mattermost.* to 'mmuser'@'%';
  5. mysql> exit

修改配置,注释掉绑定ip
vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf file
comment out the bind-address = 127.0.0.1 using the # symbol,

重新mysql

  1. systemctl restart mysql
  2. systemctl status mysql

安装 Mattermost Server

从这里发现最新版本: https://about.mattermost.com/download/

  1. wget https://releases.mattermost.com/4.9.0/mattermost-4.9.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  2. tar -xvzf mattermost*.gz
  3. sudo mv mattermost /opt
  4. sudo mkdir /opt/mattermost/data

注意: 存储目录包含用户上传的所有文件和图像。

添加用户

  1. sudo useradd --system --user-group mattermost
  2. sudo chown -R mattermost:mattermost /opt/mattermost
  3. sudo chmod -R g+w /opt/mattermost
  1. vi /opt/mattermost/config/config.json.

设置mysql相关的驱动链接信息:
Set "DriverName" to "mysql"
Set "DataSource" to the following value, replacing and with the appropriate values. Also make sure that the database name is mattermost instead of mattermost_test:
"mmuser:@tcp(:3306)/mattermost?charset=utf8mb4,utf8&readTimeout=30s&writeTimeout=30s"

  1. "SqlSettings": {
  2. "DriverName": "mysql",
  3. "DataSource": "mmuser:mmuser-password@tcp(localhost:3306)/mattermost?charset=utf8mb4,utf8\u0026readTimeout=30s\u0026writeTimeout=30s",
  1. cd /opt/mattermost
  2. sudo -u mattermost ./bin/platform

终端上CTRL+C中断服务

设置Matter服务

  1. sudo touch /lib/systemd/system/mattermost.service
  1. vi /lib/systemd/system/mattermost.service
  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Mattermost
  3. After=network.target
  4. After=mysql.service
  5. Requires=mysql.service
  6. [Service]
  7. Type=notify
  8. ExecStart=/opt/mattermost/bin/platform
  9. TimeoutStartSec=3600
  10. Restart=always
  11. RestartSec=10
  12. WorkingDirectory=/opt/mattermost
  13. User=mattermost
  14. Group=mattermost
  15. LimitNOFILE=49152
  16. [Install]
  17. WantedBy=mysql.service

重启Mattermost服务

  1. sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  2. sudo systemctl status mattermost.service
  3. sudo systemctl start mattermost.service

验证 Mattermost is running.

  1. curl http://localhost:8065

设置自启动

  1. sudo systemctl enable mattermost.service

添加MySql的CJK中文搜索支持

Mysql 5.7+ 支持ngram的分词Parser,进而支持中文搜索。

  1. mysql -u root -p
  2. >
  3. use mattermost
  4. DROP INDEX idx_posts_message_txt ON Posts;
  5. CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX idx_posts_message_txt ON Posts (Message) WITH PARSER ngram;
  6. exit;
  1. systemctl restart mysql

ngram解析器的默认ngram标记大小为2(bigram), 2的搜索效果就可以不必修改了。

更多信息参考:
https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server/issues/2033#issuecomment-183872616
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/fulltext-search-ngram.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/fulltext-search.html

配置 Mattermost Server

创建的第一个用户就是管理员

根据域名设置 Site URL.

设置邮件通知 email notifications.

设置smtp邮件发送服务器(hotmail.com)

Hotmail设置样例:

  1. Set SMTP Username to your_email@hotmail.com
  2. Set SMTP Password to your_password
  3. Set SMTP Server to smtp-mail.outlook.com
  4. Set SMTP Port to 587
  5. Set Connection Security to STARTTLS

设置 file and image 存储位置.

设置亚马逊的邮件服务器

当 hotmail.com 不可以用时,可以自己登陆Amazon的云服务,
Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES)
* 需要验证电子邮件,
* 申请smtp的个人账号
* 通过自己管理的DNS里增加一个特定值的TXT记录来验证域名
* 申请移出sandbox,提高发送限制。

Amazon SES
* Set SMTP Username to [YOUR_SMTP_USERNAME]
* Set SMTP Password to [YOUR_SMTP_PASSWORD]
* Set SMTP Server to email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
* Set SMTP Port to 465
* Set Connection Security to TLS

重启服务

  1. sudo systemctl restart mattermost

可以在左侧菜单处,找到团队邀请链接,发给团队成员。

安装 NGINX Server

In a production setting, use a proxy server for greater security and performance of Mattermost.

The main benefits of using a proxy are as follows:

SSL termination
HTTP to HTTPS redirect
Port mapping :80 to :8065
Standard request logs
To install NGINX on Ubuntu Server:

  1. sudo apt-get install nginx

检查nginx运行否

  1. curl http://localhost

You can stop, start, and restart NGINX with the following commands:

  1. sudo service nginx stop
  2. sudo service nginx start
  3. sudo service nginx restart

配置 NGINX 代理功能

  1. sudo touch /etc/nginx/sites-available/mattermost

vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/mattermost

  1. upstream backend {
  2. server 108.160.141.42:8065;
  3. }
  4. proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=mattermost_cache:10m max_size=3g inactive=120m use_temp_path=off;
  5. server {
  6. listen 80;
  7. server_name mattermost.p2pnet.club;
  8. location ~ /api/v[0-9]+/(users/)?websocket$ {
  9. proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
  10. proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
  11. client_max_body_size 50M;
  12. proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
  13. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  14. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  15. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
  16. proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
  17. proxy_buffers 256 16k;
  18. proxy_buffer_size 16k;
  19. proxy_read_timeout 600s;
  20. proxy_pass http://backend;
  21. }
  22. location / {
  23. client_max_body_size 50M;
  24. proxy_set_header Connection "";
  25. proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
  26. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  27. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  28. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
  29. proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
  30. proxy_buffers 256 16k;
  31. proxy_buffer_size 16k;
  32. proxy_read_timeout 600s;
  33. proxy_cache mattermost_cache;
  34. proxy_cache_revalidate on;
  35. proxy_cache_min_uses 2;
  36. proxy_cache_use_stale timeout;
  37. proxy_cache_lock on;
  38. proxy_pass http://backend;
  39. }
  40. }
  1. sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
  2. sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mattermost /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mattermost

Restart NGINX.

  1. sudo systemctl restart nginx

Verify that you can see Mattermost through the proxy.

  1. curl http://localhost

Now that NGINX is installed and running, you can configure it to use SSL, which allows you to use HTTPS connections and the HTTP/2 protocol.

给 NGINX 加上 SSL 与 HTTP/2

To configure SSL and HTTP/2:

Log in to the server that hosts NGINX and open a terminal window.
Install git.
If you are using Ubuntu or Debian:

  1. sudo apt-get install git
  2. git clone https://github.com/letsencrypt/letsencrypt
  3. cd letsencrypt
  4. sudo systemctl stop nginx

Run netstat to make sure that nothing is listening on port 80.

  1. netstat -na | grep ':80.*LISTEN'
  1. ./letsencrypt-auto certonly --standalone -d p2pnet.club -d mattermost.p2pnet.club -d m.p2pnet.club

When prompted, enter your domain name. After the installation is complete, you can find the certificate in the /etc/letsencrypt/live directory.

  1. Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
  2. Plugins selected: Authenticator standalone, Installer None
  3. Please enter in your domain name(s) (comma and/or space separated) (Enter 'c'
  4. to cancel): Please specify --domains, or --installer that will help in domain names autodiscovery, or --cert-name for an existing certificate name.
  5. root@mattermost:~/letsencrypt# ./letsencrypt-auto certonly --standalone
  6. Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
  7. Plugins selected: Authenticator standalone, Installer None
  8. Please enter in your domain name(s) (comma and/or space separated) (Enter 'c'
  9. to cancel): mattermost.p2pnet.club
  10. Obtaining a new certificate
  11. Performing the following challenges:
  12. http-01 challenge for mattermost.p2pnet.club
  13. Waiting for verification...
  14. Cleaning up challenges
  15. IMPORTANT NOTES:
  16. - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
  17. /etc/letsencrypt/live/mattermost.p2pnet.club/fullchain.pem
  18. Your key file has been saved at:
  19. /etc/letsencrypt/live/mattermost.p2pnet.club/privkey.pem
  20. Your cert will expire on 2018-07-19. To obtain a new or tweaked
  21. version of this certificate in the future, simply run
  22. letsencrypt-auto again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your
  23. certificates, run "letsencrypt-auto renew"
  24. - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
  25. Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate
  26. Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le

编辑 更新

  1. upstream backend {
  2. server 108.160.141.42:8065;
  3. }
  4. proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=mattermost_cache:10m max_size=3g inactive=120m use_temp_path=off;
  5. server {
  6. listen 80 default_server;
  7. server_name m.p2pnet.club ;
  8. return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
  9. }
  10. server {
  11. listen 443 ssl http2;
  12. server_name m.p2pnet.club;
  13. ssl on;
  14. ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/mattermost.p2pnet.club/fullchain.pem;
  15. ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/mattermost.p2pnet.club/privkey.pem;
  16. ssl_session_timeout 5m;
  17. ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
  18. ssl_ciphers 'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
  19. ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
  20. ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
  21. location ~ /api/v[0-9]+/(users/)?websocket$ {
  22. proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
  23. proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
  24. client_max_body_size 50M;
  25. proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
  26. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  27. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  28. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
  29. proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
  30. proxy_buffers 256 16k;
  31. proxy_buffer_size 16k;
  32. proxy_read_timeout 600s;
  33. proxy_pass http://backend;
  34. }
  35. location / {
  36. proxy_http_version 1.1;
  37. client_max_body_size 50M;
  38. proxy_set_header Connection "";
  39. proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
  40. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  41. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  42. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
  43. proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
  44. proxy_buffers 256 16k;
  45. proxy_buffer_size 16k;
  46. proxy_read_timeout 600s;
  47. proxy_cache mattermost_cache;
  48. proxy_cache_revalidate on;
  49. proxy_cache_min_uses 2;
  50. proxy_cache_use_stale timeout;
  51. proxy_cache_lock on;
  52. proxy_pass http://backend;
  53. }
  54. }

备注:
如果不启用Http2的话,那么就

  1. listen 443 ssl;

重启服务

  1. sudo systemctl restart nginx

Check that your SSL certificate is set up correctly.
Test the SSL certificate by visiting a site such as https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/index.html

Configure cron so that the certificate will automatically renew every month.

  1. crontab -e
  1. @monthly /home/ubuntu/letsencrypt/letsencrypt-auto certonly --reinstall --nginx -d m.p2pnet.club && sudo service nginx reload

备份与恢复

备份和灾难恢复
保护您的Mattermost服务器免遭不同类型故障的选择范围从简单备份到复杂的灾难恢复部署和自动化。

备份

您的Mattermost服务器的状态包含在多个数据存储中,需要单独进行备份和恢复,以便在发生故障时完全恢复系统。

为了备份您的Mattermost服务器:

备份数据库

根据您的数据库版本,使用标准的MySQL或PostgreSQL程序备份您的Mattermost数据库。

备份MySQL5.7数据库过程:

  1. mkdir ~/mbackup/
  2. cd ~/mbackup/
  3. mysqldump -uroot -padmin123~~ --databases mattermost --single-transaction > mattermost.db.sql

备份配置文件

如果您对Mattermost使用SAML配置,则您的SAML证书文件将保存在config目录中。因此,建议备份整个目录。

  1. cp /opt/mattermost/config/config.json ~/mbackup/

备份用户上传文件

用以下选项之一备份用户存储的文件:

  1. tar -zcvf ~/mbackup/data.tgz /opt/mattermost/data

灾难恢复

要从备份还原Mattermost实例,请将数据库,config.json文件和可选的本地存储的用户文件还原到备份它们的位置。

适当的灾难恢复计划将减轻特定风险的好处,从而降低设置灾难恢复基础架构和自动化的成本和复杂性。

有两种常用方法:

使用备份从故障中恢复通常是手动过程,并且会导致停机。

恢复数据库:

  1. mysql -uroot -padmin123~~ < mattermost.db.sql

恢复配置:

  1. cp ~/mbackup/config.json /opt/mattermost/config/

恢复用户上传的文件:

  1. cd /
  2. tar -zxvf ~/mbackup/data.tgz

客户端下载

https://about.mattermost.com/download/

因为 google play无法访问,手机端下载可以直接从github上下载:
https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-mobile/releases

访问:
https://mattermost.p2pnet.club/
或者App填写此地址,然后连接。

进入一个已有团队,则需要管理员发一个团队的注册连接,在此连接下注册,后台有开关,设置是否需要邮箱。
例如:
https://mattermost.p2pnet.club/signup_user_complete/?id=wm9g85jtpty7zekidyw9b91pow

简单试用说明

与Rocket.chat对比

与Rocket.chat 相比,手机端可以正常访问,虽然两者都是把数据存储在服务器端,但是Rocket.Chat的手机端在第一次使用时会初始化下载很多文件,占用到100M+的空间。

所以如果要实际团队使用的话,建议还是使用Mattermost.

使用相关概念

另外,对于这种私有云部署, 管理时需要了解的一个基本概念是,一个Mattermost服务器可以创建多个团队,每个团队可以创建多个频道,每个频道可以进入多个人,人和人之间也可以直接加密通讯。

不考虑组织的概念,这里团队的概念相当于微信里的群,不同的频道相当于不同的话题区域,而且历史聊天 记录都存储在服务器上,各个移动端或者pc端登录都能看到一样的信息。

比微信的群具有优势的一点是,即使后来加入的人,也能看到之前在某个频道里讨论的所有聊天历史记录,并且可以下载。

注册时,自己可以建立团队,如果要加入一个团队,则需要管理员邀请,或者收到相应的注册链接进行注册。

如果有人能够将微信登录功能开发出来,那么这个作为团队沟通和共享信息的工具是非常棒的。

试用账号

账户名: user001
密码: user001
服务器: https://m.p2pnet.club/

参考资料

https://github.com/mattermost

https://docs.mattermost.com/guides/administrator.html

https://docs.mattermost.com/install/install-ubuntu-1604.html#installing-ubuntu-server-16-04-lts

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/backup-and-recovery.html

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/fulltext-search-ngram.html

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